Exposure Control Plan Flashcards
purpose (infectious disease manual)
reduce exposure to infectious disease and potential cancer-causing pathogens for FCFRD
POC for infectious disease exposure/notification
Safety Officers (SAFO)
who oversees the maintenance, compliance, surveillance, and education of the Exposure Control Plan
Infectious Control Prevention Officer (ICPO)
Infectious Disease Personal Protective Equipment
- minimum required = NFPA 1999-certified exam gloves + ANSI Z87.1-2015 protective eyewear
- greater protection = NIOSH approved N-95 or P100 respirators + second pair of gloves + disposable protective sleeves/gowns + FluidGuard boot covers
Personal Infection Control Trauma Kit (PIC-T)
- for rapid treatment of life-threatening injuries / victims / FRD employees
- if it gets contaminated, clean with disinfectant wipes / get a loaner from EMS Sup
Exam Gloves
NFPA 1999-certified exam gloves
Eye Protection
ANSI Z87.1-2015 approved
NIOSH N95
- use when:
— patients condition/history suggests airborne infectious disease (TB, meningitis, measles, whooping cough)
— high-risk of body fluid aerosolization (intubation, suctioning, childbirth)
— hoarding situations (think: aerosolized mold and human/animal waste) - don’t use when:
— patient has a pulmonary condition that may compromise their breathing (consider non-rebreather) - consider using with ODs
- remember: one-time use
P100 Respirators
- used during incidents of suspected fentanyl use
Contaminated Station Uniforms and PPE
- Guided by OSHA 29 CRF 1910.1030 - blood-born pathogens
- Class C/D uniforms shall not be worn home / should be laundered at work
- Fire stations with one washing machine should rinse the machine with hot water and one-half cup bleach after cleaning contaminated uniforms
- grossly contaminated uniforms properly discarded using red biohazard bags
- contaminated PPE placed inside TWO, red biohazard bags and FRD-033 taped on outside of bag then sent to PPE center for cleaning
Hand Hygiene
- proper hygiene = soap + warm water + rubbing vigorously for at least 20 seconds, focusing on areas between fingers/fingernails
- most significant barrier to transmission
obtaining IV access
must use Chux Pads
sharps control
- maintain high level of safety
- when completing a procedure using a sharp/scalpel, dispose in 2-gallon/2-quart containers or P2 sharp shuttles
— commands: “sharps away”; “passing sharps”
who regulates storage and disposal of medical waste / infectious materials?
OSHA and VA Department of Environmental Quality
State Board of Health, Chapter 31 - VA EMS Regulations: 12VAC5-31-720 — EMS Vehicle Sanitation adhere to the following requirements
- FS shall not store biomedical waste or contaminated equipment
- ER response equipment is not authorized in FS living quarters or kitchen
- P2 sharp shuttles are one-time use only and sharps are placed in approved containers
- disposal of medic unit sharps containers are done by securely taping the lid to the container before transferring to hospital biohazard disposal room
- contaminated non-sharps items are placed in the red biohazard bags, with grossly contaminated items double bagged
- OIC ensures that no infectious waste is left at the incident scene / disposed of at the hospital
- containers/bags used to contain medical waste MUST be labeled with the fluorescent orange-colored Biohazard label
- all biohazard containers must be removed prior to reserve apparatus being returned
incident related blood and body fluid wash down and/or clean up
- PD may request FRD to assist with accident scene clean up by providing roadway wash down
- FRD shall not assist in the collection, removal, or transportation of body parts, tissue remnants, or bone fragments
maintenance of equipment
- all equipment shall be inspected, cleaned, and disinfected daily
- all patient movement/transport equipment cleaned/disinfected after each use
- hospital clean holding area equipment
— FRD employees must contact the ER charge nurse if grossly contaminated equipment is found in the clean holding area
— if matter persists, FRD employees notify the EMS Sup or SAFO
cleaning with a bleach solution
- bleach solution = 1-part bleach / 9-parts water
- allow the equipment to remain wet for a max of 10-mins before flushing with water and towel drying
maintenance of fire stations
- cleaning and maintenance must be completed daily
Transmission of Infectious Diseases
- Anthrax
- Chicken pox/Shingles
- C.Diff
- Ebola
- Hepatitis A/B/C
- HIV/AIDS
- Influenza (A/B)
- Lyme Disease
- Measles
- Meningococcal Disease
- Norovirus
- Pertussis (Whooping Cough)
- Rabies
- SARS
- Smallpox
- MRSA/Staph
- TB
- West Nile/Zika Virus
Transmission of Infestation
- Bed Bugs
- Lice
- Scabies
CDC and Prevention Advisory Committee recommends uniformed employees and volunteers to have what immunizations?
- Hep A/B
- Flu
- Tetanus
- Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis (Tdap)
VATF1:
- yellow fever
- measles, mumps, and rubella
- meningococcal disease
- polio
OSHA defined “risk” exposure
a specific eye, mouth, other mucous membrane, non-intact skin, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that results from the performance of an employee’s duties
blood or bodily fluid exposure to intact skin for a period longer than 30 minutes
OSHA defined “non-risk” exposure
blood or bodily fluids contact with intact skin for less than 30 mins
OSHA’s 29 CFR 1910.134 - Respiratory Protections Standard
- an occupational infectious disease exposure to airborne pathogens:
— all settings where administrative and engineering controls are either not applied, or not likely to protect employee from inhaling infectious airborne droplet nuclei - definition of an airborne pathogen risk exposure = any unprotected contact with a person known or suspected of having active TB, meningitis, chicken pox, measles, pertussis, etc.
Actions of an Employee Exposed to an Infectious Disease
- immediately wash with antiseptic soap, rinse any skin areas affected from blood, body fluid splashes, vomit, and spit.
- for animal bites, the affected area must be washed with soap and water / cover to control bleeding.
- safely remove station uniforms with heavy/gross amounts of contaminants and place them in red biohazard bags.
- notify the SAFO with the following:
— hospital destination, source patient name/MRN/trauma name/DOB
— contact number they will/must answer from SAFO/ICPO/IDP
— FRD-314 (infectious disease exposure report)
— if due to needlestick/animal bite, an injury packet must also be submitted to SAFO
*Note: if source patient refuses transport, notify SAFO/EMS Sup and remain with source patient
— inform patient exposure has occurred and transport to hospital
— submit FRD-314 and FRD-107 - consent to collect and test blood to ICPO
— if patient refuses, EMS Sup may request to draw blood for testing
Animal Bites
- clean area with soap/water asap
- request animal control PD
- notify SAFO
- note type of animal / keep animal contained or within sight until APPD arrives
- transport employee to ER
- submit an injury packet (FRD-071; FRD-315A; FRD-317)
Notification of Management of an Off-Duty Infectious Disease Exposure
- Contact SAFO (if unavailable, UFO)
- Provide:
— source patient name, DOB, MRN, receiving hospital
— destination hospital, ER charge nurse, contact info
— transport service / unit number
— transport OIC / contact number
— submit FRD-314 to the on duty SAFO/ICPO
Infectious Disease Return to Duty Status
Determined by IDP or PSOHC physician
Post-Exposure Prophylaxis
- given for positive exposures to HIV, Hep B/C, neisseria meningitidis (meningococcal disease), anthrax, TB, and rabies
- can be given based on medical judgement of vaccination record for pertussis, measles, and varicella exposures
Citizen “Good Samaritan” Infectious Disease Exposure Reporting
- risk exposure for citizens is sent to health department
- right is guaranteed to the GS through the Code of Virginia 32.1-45.1
- Submit the good samaritan citizen exposure info intake form (FRD-399-A) to SAFO
— citizen receives a copy FRD-399-B with the incident number written inside
