export_viral stis ii

Question 1

HSV primary infection

Answer 1

Lesion progresses from macules, papules, vesicles, pustules, to ulcers
Duration ~3 weeks

Symptoms more severe in women

Question 2

Other HSV diseases

Answer 2

Herpetic whitlow, herpes labialis, herpes simplex keratitis, herpes simplex encephalitis

Question 3

Neonatal herpes infection transmission and dissemination

Answer 3

Transmission most common when mother is experiencing primary infection
Requires treatment, or severity increases

Can disseminate to brain, liver, lungs, eyes

Question 4

Treatment for neonatal herpes infection

Answer 4

IV administration of antivirals for all cases

Question 5

HSV family and features

Answer 5

Herpesvirus family

Enveloped, dsDNA

Question 6

HSV-1 viruses most commonly cause?

Answer 6

Oral lesions

Question 7

HSV-2 viruses most commonly cause?

Answer 7

Genital lesions

Question 8

HSV diagnosis

Answer 8

Clinical appearance of lesions (1-2 mm, in groups, vesicles - pustules - ulcers)
PCR can determine between HSV-1 and HSV-2

Question 9

Oral HSV treatment

Answer 9

Usually not treated with antivirals

Question 10

Genital herpes treatment

Answer 10

Primary - oral antivirals

Recurrent - long term oral antivirals

Question 11

Neonatal HSV treatment

Answer 11

IV antiviral treatment

Question 12

Ocular HSV treatment

Answer 12

Topical antiviral treatment

Question 13

Nucleoside analogue

Answer 13

Prevents DNA polymerase from working appropriately

Question 14

Nonnucleoside inhibitor

Answer 14

Inhibits viral DNA polymerase

Used in acyclovir-resistant HSV infections

Question 15

Acyclovir, Famiciclovir, and Valacyclovir

Answer 15

Nucleoside analogue drugs for HSV

Question 16

Foscarnet

Answer 16

Nonnucleoside inhibitor treatment for HSV

Question 17

HPV disease

Answer 17

Genital warts

Question 18

HPV symptoms

Answer 18

Most warts are asymptomatic

Others may experience itching, pain, or burning

Question 19

Respiratory papillomatosis

Answer 19

Nodules on ciliated and squamous epithelial junction of the larynx
Need to be surgically removed

Question 20

HPV family and features

Answer 20

Papovaviridae family

Non-enveloped, dsDNA

Question 21

What comorbidity is commonly associated with HPV?

Answer 21

Cervical cancer

Question 22

HPV virulence

Answer 22

Produces E6, which inhibits p53, and E7, which inhibits Rb

This allows the virus to produce its virions most effectively

Question 23

What does E2 do?

Answer 23

This is a gene in the host cell that downregulates E6 and E7 expression

Question 24

How does HPV result in cervical cancer?

Answer 24

The genome of the HPV is integrated into the host cell genome (randomly, this is NOT the normal event for HPV)
E2 is almost always disrupted in this process, resulting in uncontrolled E6/E7 production, which results in uncontrolled cell growth

Virion production is eliminated in these cells

Question 25

Incubation period for HPV

Answer 25

~3-4 months

Question 26

HPV diagnosis

Answer 26

Hyperkeratosis and koilocytes are histological markers

Can be identified via PCR

Question 27

Koilocytes

Answer 27

Enlarged keratinocytes that contain irregular hyperchromatic nuclei surrounded by characteristic halo

Question 28

Genital warts HPV treatment

Answer 28

Cryotherapy

CO2 laser

Question 29

Low grade neoplasms HPV treatment

Answer 29

Cauterization
Cryotherapy

CO2 laser therapy

Loop excision

Question 30

High grade neoplasms HPV treatment

Answer 30

Hysterectomy
Radiation

Chemotherapy

Question 31

HPV vaccines

Answer 31

Made in yeast
Prepared from viral capsid proteins (L1)

Three doses

Question 32

Gardasil

Answer 32

Quadrivalent HPV vaccine

Protects against HPV 6, 11, 16, and 18

Question 33

Cervarix

Answer 33

Bivalent HPV vaccine

Protects against HPV 16 and 18