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Medical Terminology > Exploring Medical Language- Ch. 15, Nervous System & Behavioral Health: Terms NOT Built From Word Parts > Flashcards

Exploring Medical Language- Ch. 15, Nervous System & Behavioral Health: Terms NOT Built From Word Parts Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

disease characterized by early dementia, confusion, or loss of recognition of people or familiar surroundings

A

Alzheimer’s disease

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2
Q

progressive muscle atrophy caused by degeneration and scarring of neurons along the lateral columns if the spinal cord that control muscles

A

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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3
Q

paralysis of muscles on one side of the dace caused by inflammation or compression of a facial nerve

A

Bell palsy

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4
Q

aneurysm in the cerebrum

A

cerebral aneurysm

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5
Q

an embolus lodges in a cerebral artery, causing sudden blockage of blood supply to the brain

A

cerebral embolism

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6
Q

condition characterized by lack of muscle control and partial paralysis, caused by a brain defect or lesion present at birth

A

cerebral palsy

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7
Q

cognitive impairment characterized by loss of intellectual brain function

A

dementia

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8
Q

condition characterized by recurrent seizures

A

epilepsy

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9
Q

congenital or acquired disorder caused by obstructed circulation of cerebrospinal fluid

A

hydrocephalus

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10
Q

bleeding into the brain as a result of a ruptured blood vessel within the brain

A

intracerebral hemorrhage

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11
Q

chronic degenerative disease characterized by sclerotic patches along the brain and spinal cord

A

multiple sclerosis

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12
Q

chronic degenerative disease of the CNS; resting tremors of hands and feet, shuffling gait, usually 50+

A

Parkinson disease

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13
Q

inflammation of the sciatic nerce

A

sciatica

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14
Q

viral disease that affects the peripheral nerves and causes blisters on the skin that follow the course of the affected nerves

A

shingles

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15
Q

occurs when there is an interruption of blood supply to the region of the brain, depriving nerve cells in the affected area of oxygen and nutrients

A

stroke

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16
Q

bleeding caused by a ruptured blood vessel just outside of the brain that rapidly fills the space between the piameter and arachnoid layers of the meninges with blood

A

subarachnoid hemorrhage

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17
Q

sudden deficient supply of blood to the brain lasting a short time

A

transient ischemic attack

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18
Q

computerized radiographic process producing a series of sectional images of brain tissue

A

computated tomography (CT) of the brain

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19
Q

high-strength computer-controlled magnetic fields producing a series of sectional images of the soft tissues of the brain or spine

A

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain or spine

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20
Q

nuclear medicine procedure combining CT and radioactive chemicals producing sectional images of the brain to examine blood flow and metabolic activity

A

positron emission tomography (PET) scan of the brain

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21
Q

group of diagnostic tests that measure changes and responses in brain waves elicited by visual, auditory, or somatosensory stimuli

A

evoked potential studies (EP studies)

22
Q

diagnostic procedure performed by inserting a needle into the subarachnoid space usually between the 3rd and 4th lumbar vertebrae (aka- spinal tap)

A

lumbar puncture

23
Q

conveying toward a center

A

afferent

24
Q

lack of muscle coordination

A

ataxia

25
Q

pertaining to the mental process of comprehension, judgement, memory, and reason

A

cognitive

26
Q

state of profound unconsciousness

A

coma

27
Q

injury to the brain caused by minor head trauma

A

concussion

28
Q

awake, alert, aware of one’s surroundings

A

conscious

29
Q

sudden involuntary contraction of a group of muscles; may be present during a siezure

A

convulsion

30
Q

a state of mental confusion as to time, place, or identity

A

disorientation

31
Q

the inability to use speech that is distinct and connected because of a loss of muscle control after damage to the peripheral or central nervous system

A

dysarthria

32
Q

conveying away from the center

A

efferent

33
Q

a manner of style of walking

A

gait

34
Q

unable to express one’s thoughts or ideas in an orderly, intelligible manner

A

incoherent

35
Q

paralysis from the waist down caused by damage to the lower level of the spinal cord

A

paraplegia

36
Q

sudden, abnormal surge of electrical activity of the brain, resulting in involuntary body movements or behaviors

A

seizures

37
Q

fainting or sudden loss of consciousness caused by lack of blood supply to the brain

A

syncope

38
Q

state of being unaware of surroundings and incapable of responding to stimuli as a result or injury, shock, illness, or drugs

A

unconsciousness

39
Q

eating disorder characterized by a disturbed perception of body image resulting in failure to maintain body weight

A

anorexia nervosa

40
Q

emotional disorder characterized by feelings of apprehension, tension, uneasiness, arising typically from the anticipation of unreal or imagined danger

A

anxiety disorder

41
Q

disorder of learning and behavioral problems characterized by marked attention, distractibility, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity

A

attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

42
Q

spectrum of mental disorders which include onset during infancy or childhood- inability to interact socially and impaired communication

A

autism

43
Q

major psychological disorder typified by a disturbance in mood

A

bipolar disorder

44
Q

eating disorder characterized by uncontrolled binge eating followed by purging

A

bulimia nervosa

45
Q

mood disturbance characterized by feelings of sadness, despair, discouragement, hopelessness, etc…

A

major depression

46
Q

disorder characterized by intrusive, unwanted thoughts that result in the tendency to perform repetitive acts or rituals usually as a means of releasing tension or anxiety

A

obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

47
Q

episode of sudden onset of acute anxiety; occurring unpredictably, with feelings of acute apprehension, dizziness, sweating, and/or chest pain

A

panic attack

48
Q

marked and persistent fear that is excessive or unreasonable

A

phobia

49
Q

compulsive eating of nonnutritive substances such as clay or ice; often a result of iron deficiency

A

pica

50
Q

disorder characterized by a chronic, debilitating emotional response to a traumatic event perceived as life threatening or severe emotional stress

A

posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

51
Q

any one of a large group of psychotic disorders characterized by gross distortions of reality

A

schizophrenia

52
Q

disorders characterized by physical symptoms for which no known physical cause exists

A

somatoform disorders

Medical Terminology (12 decks)

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