Exploring Medical Language- Ch. 15, Nervous System & Behavioral Health: Terms NOT Built From Word Parts Flashcards
disease characterized by early dementia, confusion, or loss of recognition of people or familiar surroundings
Alzheimer’s disease
progressive muscle atrophy caused by degeneration and scarring of neurons along the lateral columns if the spinal cord that control muscles
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
paralysis of muscles on one side of the dace caused by inflammation or compression of a facial nerve
Bell palsy
aneurysm in the cerebrum
cerebral aneurysm
an embolus lodges in a cerebral artery, causing sudden blockage of blood supply to the brain
cerebral embolism
condition characterized by lack of muscle control and partial paralysis, caused by a brain defect or lesion present at birth
cerebral palsy
cognitive impairment characterized by loss of intellectual brain function
dementia
condition characterized by recurrent seizures
epilepsy
congenital or acquired disorder caused by obstructed circulation of cerebrospinal fluid
hydrocephalus
bleeding into the brain as a result of a ruptured blood vessel within the brain
intracerebral hemorrhage
chronic degenerative disease characterized by sclerotic patches along the brain and spinal cord
multiple sclerosis
chronic degenerative disease of the CNS; resting tremors of hands and feet, shuffling gait, usually 50+
Parkinson disease
inflammation of the sciatic nerce
sciatica
viral disease that affects the peripheral nerves and causes blisters on the skin that follow the course of the affected nerves
shingles
occurs when there is an interruption of blood supply to the region of the brain, depriving nerve cells in the affected area of oxygen and nutrients
stroke
bleeding caused by a ruptured blood vessel just outside of the brain that rapidly fills the space between the piameter and arachnoid layers of the meninges with blood
subarachnoid hemorrhage
sudden deficient supply of blood to the brain lasting a short time
transient ischemic attack
computerized radiographic process producing a series of sectional images of brain tissue
computated tomography (CT) of the brain
high-strength computer-controlled magnetic fields producing a series of sectional images of the soft tissues of the brain or spine
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain or spine
nuclear medicine procedure combining CT and radioactive chemicals producing sectional images of the brain to examine blood flow and metabolic activity
positron emission tomography (PET) scan of the brain
group of diagnostic tests that measure changes and responses in brain waves elicited by visual, auditory, or somatosensory stimuli
evoked potential studies (EP studies)
diagnostic procedure performed by inserting a needle into the subarachnoid space usually between the 3rd and 4th lumbar vertebrae (aka- spinal tap)
lumbar puncture
conveying toward a center
afferent
lack of muscle coordination
ataxia
pertaining to the mental process of comprehension, judgement, memory, and reason
cognitive
state of profound unconsciousness
coma
injury to the brain caused by minor head trauma
concussion
awake, alert, aware of one’s surroundings
conscious
sudden involuntary contraction of a group of muscles; may be present during a siezure
convulsion
a state of mental confusion as to time, place, or identity
disorientation
the inability to use speech that is distinct and connected because of a loss of muscle control after damage to the peripheral or central nervous system
dysarthria
conveying away from the center
efferent
a manner of style of walking
gait
unable to express one’s thoughts or ideas in an orderly, intelligible manner
incoherent
paralysis from the waist down caused by damage to the lower level of the spinal cord
paraplegia
sudden, abnormal surge of electrical activity of the brain, resulting in involuntary body movements or behaviors
seizures
fainting or sudden loss of consciousness caused by lack of blood supply to the brain
syncope
state of being unaware of surroundings and incapable of responding to stimuli as a result or injury, shock, illness, or drugs
unconsciousness
eating disorder characterized by a disturbed perception of body image resulting in failure to maintain body weight
anorexia nervosa
emotional disorder characterized by feelings of apprehension, tension, uneasiness, arising typically from the anticipation of unreal or imagined danger
anxiety disorder
disorder of learning and behavioral problems characterized by marked attention, distractibility, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity
attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
spectrum of mental disorders which include onset during infancy or childhood- inability to interact socially and impaired communication
autism
major psychological disorder typified by a disturbance in mood
bipolar disorder
eating disorder characterized by uncontrolled binge eating followed by purging
bulimia nervosa
mood disturbance characterized by feelings of sadness, despair, discouragement, hopelessness, etc…
major depression
disorder characterized by intrusive, unwanted thoughts that result in the tendency to perform repetitive acts or rituals usually as a means of releasing tension or anxiety
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
episode of sudden onset of acute anxiety; occurring unpredictably, with feelings of acute apprehension, dizziness, sweating, and/or chest pain
panic attack
marked and persistent fear that is excessive or unreasonable
phobia
compulsive eating of nonnutritive substances such as clay or ice; often a result of iron deficiency
pica
disorder characterized by a chronic, debilitating emotional response to a traumatic event perceived as life threatening or severe emotional stress
posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
any one of a large group of psychotic disorders characterized by gross distortions of reality
schizophrenia
disorders characterized by physical symptoms for which no known physical cause exists
somatoform disorders
