Exploration, Discovery, & A New World Flashcards
Exploration, Discovery, & a New World chronology
1494 Treaty of Tordesillas -agreement to divide the Americas
1519 - 1521 Hernan Cortes conquers the Aztecs in Mexico (Mexico City falls)
1531 - 1533 Francisco Pizarro conquers the Incas in Peru
1607 1st successful English settlement in North America - Jamestown, VA (Virginia)
1620 Carrying pilgrims, the Mayflower lands at Plymouth, MA ( Massachusetts)
Fecha: treaty of tordesillas - agreement to divide the Americas
1494
Fecha: Hernan Cortes conquers the Aztecs in Mexico (Mexico City falls)
1519 - 1521
Fecha: Francisco Pizarro conquers the Incas in Peru
1531 - 1533
Fecha: 1st successful English settlement in North America - Jamestown, VA (Virginia)
1607
Fecha: carrying pilgrims, the mayflower lands at Plymouth, MA (Massachusetts)
1620
1494
Treaty of tordesillas - agreement to divide the Americas
1519 - 1521
Hernan Cortes conquers the Aztecs in Mexico (Mexico City falls)
1531 - 1533
Francisco Pizarro conquers the Incas in Peru
1607
1st successful English settlement in North America - Jamestown, VA (Virginia)
1620
Carrying pilgrims, the mayflower lands at Plymouth, MA (Massachusetts)
Term Conquistador (what is the English word and who does it refer to)
Spanish for “conqueror”
Refers to Spaniards who conquered territory
Conquistador is Spanish for…
Conqueror
Conquistador refers to…
Spaniards who conquered territory
Term galleon (what is it and what country was it from)
A large-hulled ship to carry cargo
Spanish galleons
What was the background to exploration (why did they explore a new route)
The overland trade route to Asia was hindered by the ottoman Turks - a sea route was desired
Technological advances (related to exploration & discovery)
The caravel: ship that had sails for sailing into a headwind and was fast
What was the caravel
A ship that
- had sails for sailing into a headwind
- was fast
Motives for exploration (3)
God
Greed
Glory
Portugal ( related to exploration & the new world)
Treaty of Tordesillas
Vasco da Gama
Treaty of Tordesillas (what was it, what did it do, what was the outcome)
- A compromise between Spain and Portugal
- drew a vertical line of demarcation
- Spain got the rights to all land west of the line
Portugal got the rights to all land east of the line
What was the compromise between Spain and Portugal named?
The Treaty of Tordesillas
What did the Treaty of Tordesillas do
Drew a vertical line of demarcation ( in the newly discovered America)
What was the outcome of the Treaty of Tordesillas
Spain got the rights to all land west of the line
Portugal got the rights to all land east of the line
What did Vasco da Gama do?
Sailed around Africa, then continued on to India & returned
Who sailed around Africa, then continued to India and returned?
Vasco da Gama
Spain (related to exploration & the new world)
Christopher Columbus
Hernan Cortes
Magellan
Francisco Pizarro
Spain had colonies in the new world to bolster its economy
Christopher Columbus (who was he and what did he do )
- Genoese sailor
- convinced Queen Isabella of Castile to support him
- believed that he landed in Asia
Who?
- Genoese sailor
- convinced Queen Isabella of Castile to support him
- believed that he landed in Asia
Christopher Columbus
Where did Christopher Columbus think he landed?
Asia
Who financially supported Christopher Columbus?
Queen Isabella
Hernan Cortes (what did he do)
Conquered the great Aztec empire in Mexico
Who did Hernan Cortes conquer in Mexico?
The great Aztec Empire
Magellan (what did the crew do)
Crew returned to Spain having circumnavigated the globe
Francisco Pizarro (what did he do)
Conquered the Inca empire in Peru
Who did Francisco Pizarro conquer in Peru
The Inca empire
Who conquered the Aztec empire in Mexico?
Hernan Cortes
Who conquered the Inca empire in Peru?
Francisco Pizarro
What empire is in Mexico?
The great Aztec empire
What empire is in Peru?
The Inca empire
Where was the Aztec empire?
Mexico
Where was the Inca empire?
Peru
What happened to Spain’s settlements in the New world?
They grew into colonies which had the sole purpose of bolstering the Spanish economy
What was the purpose of Spanish colonies in the New world?
To bolster the Spanish economy
Piracy (2 things to know)
- Spain developed a convoy system (guardships & galleons) to make the voyage safer
- St. Augustine (oldest city in the US)
What did Spain do in regards to piracy?
Spain developed a convoy system to make the voyage safer
Spain’s convoy system consisted of…
Guard ships & galleons
What is the oldest city in the US?
St. Augustine
North America ( 3 things to know)
- Few French people moved to North America, many of those who did eventually left
- English • Jamestown, England’s first permanent settlement
(cash crop:tobacco)• pilgrims (aka separatists) step ashore at what we call Plymouth, Massachusetts • puritans settled the Massachusetts Bay Colony - Henry Hudson was searching for a Northwest Passage
North America & France
Few French people moved to North America
and many of those who did eventually left
North America & England (3 things to know)
- Jamestown, England’s first permanent settlement (cash crop: tobacco)
- pilgrims (aka separatists) step as hare at what we call Plymouth,Massachusetts
- puritans settled the Massachusetts bay colony
What was England’s first permanent settlement in North America?
Jamestown
What was the cash crop in Jamestown?
Tobacco
How are English pilgrims also called?
Separatists
What are the English pilgrims (separatists) do?
Step ashore at Plymouth, Massachusetts
Where did the English pilgrims step ashore?
Plymouth, Massachusetts
Where did the English puritans settle?
In the Massachusetts bay colony
Who stepped ashore at Plymouth, Massachusetts?
Pilgrims (separatists) from England
Who settled the Massachusetts bay colony?
Puritans from England
What did Henry Hudson do?
He was searching for a northwest passage
Who was searching for a northwest passage? (In North America)
Henry Hudson
European expansion (2 things to know)
- Native cultures were undermined
- The Columbian exchange
What happened to native cultures during the European expansion?
Native cultures were undermined
What was the Columbian exchange (that took place during the European expansion)?
The exchange of old & New world plants, animals, & diseases
