exploitation of new water sources

Question 1

outline how rainwater collection can be used to help meet the water demands of a growing population and per-captia demands

Answer 1

1) important in areas where public supplies cant match consumer demand
2) reduced urban flooding after heavy rain
3) important in areas where there is no water supply

Question 2

outline how the use of rivers can be used as a source of water to meet water demand

Answer 2

1) accessible over a large area of land

2) natural contaminants rarely a problem

Question 3

outline how reservoirs can be used as a new water source to help meet demands

Answer 3

used as a storage of water from times of a surplus so that it can be used in shortages

Question 4

what factors are needed for a reservoir

Answer 4

1) topography - narrow exit with a large depth to reduce evaporation
2) geology - impermeable rock beneath
3) catchment area-
4) water supply - regular rainfall or river inflow
5) pollution risk - surrounding land use should not produce large amounts of pollution which could contaminate water supplies
6) sedimentation - reduces volume of water a reservoir can hold
7) land use conflicts

Question 5

outline how an estuary barrage can be used to meet demand of water

Answer 5

1) a fresh water reservoir created by building a damn across an estuary where river meets sea
2) fewer land use conflicts
3) change intertidal habitats

Question 6

outline how sea water can be used to meet demand

Answer 6

1) desalinisation
2) energy intensive
3) large water supply