Explanations Of Attachment: The Learning Theory Flashcards

1
Q

Who proposed the Learning theory of attachment

A

Dollard and Miller (1950)

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2
Q

What is this approach often referred to as

A

“Cupboard love’ - emphasises the importance of the caregiver as a provider of food

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3
Q

How does the baby learn to form an attachment with its mother

A

Through classical conditioning

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4
Q

The process of attachment through classical conditioning

A

-Through classical conditioning, the child learns to associate the carer with food.
-Food is an unconditioned stimulus which is associated with pleasure.
-Originally, the carer is a neutral stimulus- one that produces no response.
-Over time, when the carer regularly feeds the child they become associated with food and becomes a conditioned stimulus which evokes the conditioned response of pleasure, even without the food being present.
-This is how attachment develops

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5
Q

The process of attachment according to operant conditioning

A

-Operant conditioning explains attachment as a learned process through reinforcement.
- A baby feels discomfort due to hunger, creating a drive to reduce this discomfort.
-When the caregiver feeds the baby, the discomfort is relieved, acting as a reward- this is positive reinforcement.
-The caregiver also experiences negative reinforcement as feeding stops the baby’s crying, and so avoids something unpleasant.
-Over time, the baby associates the caregiver with comfort and forms an attachment.

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6
Q

What is drive reduction

A

-Baby’s have an innate motivation to eat to reduce hunger. When the mother rewards the baby by feeding it, the discomfort caused by hunger is reduced, acting as a negative reinforcer. As a result the infant becomes attached to the mother.

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7
Q

What is operant conditioning

A

Learning by consequence

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8
Q

What is classical conditioning

A

Learning through association

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9
Q

Evaluation of the Learning theory

A

-Useful for understanding some aspects of attachment

-Based on animal studies (e.g skinner)
-Ignores the role of contact comfort in attachment
-Bowlby’s theory of attachment

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