Expert Systems: Basic Concepts and Structure Flashcards
What sort of knowledge can be categorised as a sequence of instructions or commands?
Procedural knowledge
What sort of knowledge can be categorised as a set of conditions or rules?
Declarative knowledge
What is the name of the process of extracting the knowledge from experts to build an expert system?
Knowledge elicitation
Which part of an expert system applies the facts of a particular case to the domain specific knowledge-base?
Inference engine
What is a consequent?
A consequent is the second half of a hypothetical proposition (THEN). It can have multiple clauses
What is a rule?
A rule can have multiple antecedents either a conjunction and/or a disjunction
What is an antecedent?
The statement contained in the if statement of a conditional proposition
What is a conjunction?
A conjunction implies that both statements are true (AND)
What is a disjunction?
A disjunction implies that at least one statement is true (OR)
Knowledge is a _________ or________ understanding of a subject or a domain
theoretical, practical
Knowledge is the ______ of what is currently known
sum
A rule ______ when its condition part is ______ and its action part is _______
fires, satisfied, executed
What do rules represent?
Relations, recommendations, directive, strategies, heuristics
What are the 3 main tasks of designing an expert system?
Obtain the required knowledge from an expert. Express knowledge as a collection of rules in the form of logical implications. Extract conclusions.
Comparison between humans and computers
Humans have recognition and reasoning. Computers have computation.
Who can be called an expert?
Those who possess deep knowledge and have strong practical experience
Difference between procedural knowledge and declarative knowledge
Procedural knowledge is about how to. Declarative knowledge is about what is. They are difficult to use for reasoning.
What are expert systems?
Software packages designed to assist humans in situations in which an expert in a specific area is required
3 stages of expert systems
Knowledge base, inference engine, user interface
What’s the concept of the knowledge base system?
Aims to capture human expert knowledge to support decision-making and problem-solving
Concept of inference engine
Carries out the reasoning from the knowledge base to reach a solution. It links the rules given in the knowledge base with the facts provided in the database
Concept of reasoning
A mechanism for selecting relevant facts and extracting conclusions in a logical and rational way
Main players of expert systems
Knowledge Engineer, End-user, Project Manager, Programmer, Domain expert
Advantages of expert systems
reduce the no. of errors, combine various human expert intelligence, more efficient by reducing time needed to solve, can hold huge amounts of data
Disadvantages of expert systems
not error free, no adaptability, not capable of explaining the logic behind a decision, lacks common sense, high maintainability cost
