Experimental Design Flashcards
How do you use independent measures?
1) recruit group of participants and divide into two separate and different groups
2) one group does experimental task with IV set for first condition
3) second group does experimental task with IV set for second condition
4) measure DV for each group and compare results
What are the strengths of independent measures?
1) reduces order effects
2) reduces demand characteristics
What is the limitation of independent measures?
1) introduces participant variables (some people more capable at DV than others)
How do you overcome participant variables?
1) random allocation to conditions to eliminate researcher bias (even unintentional)
How do you use repeated measures?
1) recruit a group of participants
2) get whole group to complete experimental task with IV set for first condition
3) get whole group to complete experimental task with IV set for second condition
4) compare results
What is the strength of repeated measures?
1) eliminates participant variables
What are the limitations of repeated measures?
1) increases demand characteristics
2) order effects
How do you overcome order effects?
1) counterbalancing by splitting entire group into two and getting both to take part in both conditions just in different orders
How do you use matched pairs?
1) recruit a group of participants
2) find out the characteristics of people in the group
3) find another group of people that matches first group one for one
4) treat experiment as independent measures
5) compare results
What is the strength of matched pairs?
1) balances out weaknesses of other measures (avoids participant variables and order effects)
What is the limitation of matched pairs?
1) can be practically difficult to complete and has time and cost implications
