Expe ppt 2 Flashcards
(21 cards)
are a framework of values within which we conduct research.
research ethics
composed of laypeople and researchers to evaluate research proposals to make sure that they follow ethical standards
Institutional Review Boards
determine risk to participants
Risk/benefit analysis
The Belmont Report proposed three principles:
Respect for persons
Beneficience
Justice
individuals have the right of self-determination (basis of informed consent)
Respect for persons
minimize harm and maximize potential benefits (basis of risk/benefit analysis)
Beneficence
Fairness in both the burdens and benefits of research
Justice
This may be used as a last resort in order to obtain information
Deception
a full disclosure after either their personal participation or the completion of the entire study
debriefing
this is an experimenter’s accomplice. Has a deceptive nature. Makes the subject believe that they are another subject
Confederate
explaining the true nature and purpose of the study to the subject at the end of their participation or at the completion of the entire experiment
Full disclosure
subjects are not identified by name
anonymity
the data are securely stored and only used for the purpose explained to the subject
confidentiality
______ is the humane care and treatment of animals
animal welfare
institutions that conduct animal research must establish an ______ to evaluate animal research before it is conducted
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC)
the position that sensate species for those that can feel pain and suffer
animal rights
this involves falsifying or fabricating data
scientific fraud
the ____ process filters submitted manuscripts that only 15-20% of articles are printed
peer review
this is when researchers attempt to reproduce the findings of others; second line of defence
replication
_______ by colleagues for scarce resources, while a cause of fraud, is still the third line of defence
competition
misrepresenting someone’s ideas, words, or written work as your own
plagiarism