expanding markets and moving west Flashcards
Specialization
H
Market revolution
People bought and sold goods rather than making them for their own use
Capitalism
Economic system where private businesses and individuals control the means of production
Entrepreneurs
Investors who risked their own money in new industries
What year did Charles Goodyear develop vulcanized rubber?
1839
Who patented the sewing machine in 1846?
Elias Howe
Some inventions made life more enjoyable. Other inventions fueled the economic revolution and transformed…
Manufacturing, transportation and communication
How many miles of telegraph wire crossed the country in what year?
23,000 and 1854
What Pennsylvanian made a 150 mile trip up the Hudson River in the Clermont?
Robert Fulton
Where did Robert Fulton travel to and from and for how long?
New York City to Albany, New York
32 hours
Ships could now go upstream because of…?
Steam engines
In 1816 how many miles of canals did America have?
100
What was the nations first major canal?
The Erie Canal
The heyday of canals lasted until what year and why?
1860’s and the railroads
By 1850, _______ miles of railroad track had been laid.
10,000
In 1818 the National Road reached from where to where?
Cumberland, Maryland to Wheeling, Virginia
By 1838 how far did the national road reach?
Springfield, Illinois
The south exported what
Cotton
The west exported what
Grain and livestock
The east manufactured what
Textiles and machinery
When did the Erie Canal open?
1825
John Deere invented the first _____ in the year _____
Steel plow, 1837
What is the mechanical reaper?
It permitted one farmer to do the work of five hired hands
Who invented the mechanical reaper?
Cyrus McCormick
Who wrote in a Diery of her family’s five-month journey to Oregon in what year?
Amelia Stewart knights and 1853
Who dreamed that the United States would become an empire for liberty by expanding across the continent?
Thomas Jefferson
What does manifest destiny mean to many Americans
To express their belief that the United States destiny was to expand to the Pacific ocean and into Mexican territory
Why did most Americans move west
For personal economic problems
What was the greatest attraction to move to the west
The abundance of land
What did white settlers and western Illinois and eastern Iowa do in the early 1830s
Place great pressure on the Native American people to move west of the Mississippi River
Where did the Black Hawk war start and where did it spread to?
Illinois and Wisconsin territory
When did the Black Hawk war end
August 1832
How did the war end and what was the result
Illinois militia member slaughtered more than 200 Sauk and Fox people
the Indian tribes were removed two areas west of the Mississippi
What grounded neither the Native Americans or settlers dominate
The middle ground
What did the Treaty of Fort Laramie do in 1851
Provide various Native American nations to control the central Plains, land east of the Rocky Mountains that stretched roughly from the Arkansas River North to Canada
What did the Native Americans have to do in return for the Treaty of Fort Laramie
To not attack settlers and to allow the construction of government forts and roads
What was the busiest and most well known at avenues of trade
Santa Fe Trail
Where did the Santa Fe Trail lead to and from
Independence, Missouri to Santa Fe, New Mexico
Why did travelers group together after the first 150 miles to Santa Fe
They were feared of attacks by Kiowa and Comanche tribes
In 1836 what did Marcus and Narcissa Whitman do in the Oregon territory
They set up mission schools to convert Native Americans to Christianity and educate them
Where did the Oregon Trail start and end
Independence, Missouri to Portland, Oregon
How many American settlers arrived in Oregon and more farming it’s green and fertile Valley
50,000 Americans by 1844
What are Mormons
Religious community that would play a major role in the settling of the west
What is polygamy
Having more than one wife
In 1844 who is Jailed for treason and is murdered by an anti-Mormon mob
Joseph Smith
Salt Lake City blossomed out of the land the Mormons called _____
Deseret
In 1846 what did great Britain and America peaceably agree on with the boundaries of Oregon territory
To extend the main them boundary with Canada and West word from the Rocky Mountains to Puget Sound establishing the current US boundary
Who made a 40 mile long telegraph between Baltimore and Washington D.C.?
Samuel F. B. Morse
