Expanding European frontiers

Question 1

Fill in the blank.

From the late ____s and into the ____s, the Cape settlers moved further North and East from Cape Town.

Answer 1

1600

1700

Question 2

Fill in the blank.

The movement of the Cape settlers away from Cape Town was led by the ________.

Answer 2

Trek boers

Question 3

Why did the Trek Boers move away from Cape Town?

Answer 3

• They were looking for fresh grazing ground
• They thought the DEIC were oppressors
• The preferred the freedom of their ox wagons and tents to living under the rule of the DEIC.

Question 4

How did the Trek Boers travel?

Answer 4

They travelled in ox wagons, the family would be inside, and the slaves and livestock would walk along side them.

Question 5

Which mountains were seen as the natural boundary of the original Cape settlements?

Answer 5

The Hottentots Holland Mountains.

Question 6

Did the DEIC have control over the movement of the Trek Boers? Why or why not?

Answer 6

No. There weren’t enough officials in the Cape and no roads to follow the Trek Boers on.

Question 7

Name two directions the Trek Boers moved.

Answer 7

North and East

Question 8

How did conflict between indigenous tribes and the settlers come to increase?

Answer 8

The Trek Boers were nomadic pastoralists who moved around. As a result of this moving around, the settlers often clashed with the indigenous people. More and more conflicts happened as white settlement increased.

Question 9

Fill in the blank.

In the 1730s, the Trek Boers and Khoi Khoi clashed in the ________ district, not far from Cape Town.

Answer 9

Piketberg

Question 10

Fill in the blank.

The Trek Boers way of life had some ______ effects.

Answer 10

destructive

Question 11

Fill in the blank.

The Trek Boers hunted and killed wild animals, causing the extinction of the ______ and _________ populations.

Answer 11

Quagga and Blauwbok

Question 12

Fill in the blank.

According to some reports, the Trek boers would capture and enslave _________ _______ and ________.

Answer 12

local women and children

Question 13

Fill in the blank.
While out searching for new grazing land, the men would ________________ to find the easiest way forward and ______ for the camps at night.

Answer 13

ride ahead on horseback

water

Question 14

True or false:

The slaves of the Trek boers had little responsibility when moving around.

Answer 14

False- the slaves were held responsible and relied on heavily for protecting the Trek Boers at night from leopards, lions, etc.

Question 15

Fill in the blank.

The Trek Boers enjoyed living in ____, ________ groups.

Answer 15

small, isolated

Question 16

Did the Trek Boers ever settle? If so, how long would they settle for and where?

Answer 16

Yes. For a season or two, usually near a source of water.

Question 17

Fill in the blank.

The Trek Boers built ___ ____ and thatched their roofs with ______.

Answer 17

Mud huts, reeds.

Question 18

Name 4 things that the Trek Boers made to sell or use when settled.

Answer 18

• soap from beeswax
• soap from animal fat
• clothes from leather
• shoes from leather

Question 19

How did the Trek Boers make the floors of their mud huts?

this is a legitimate question 🙃

Answer 19

Using cattle dung and clay.

Question 20

Did the Trek Boers make furniture for their homes?

Answer 20

Yes. They made furniture from ‘riempies’ (strips of leather) and wood.

Question 21

Fill in the blank.

The Trek Boers were poorly ________, but very ________.

Answer 21

educated

religious

Question 22

Fill in the blank.
Most Trek Boer families would travel back to the Cape ___ a year to sell _____, ______, ______, _____, _____, ______, ______, and _______.

Answer 22

once

• horses
• cattle
• ivory
• beeswax
• soap
• skins
• sheep
• hides

Question 23

How did the lifestyle of the Trek Boers differ from the Free Burghers at the Cape? Give a paragraph explaining how the Trek Boers travelled around, why they travelled around, set up their homes, and why they liked their freedom.

Answer 23

• In the late 1600s and into the 1700s, Cape settlers started to move.
• The leaders of this movement were the trek boers who were looking for grazing land for their cattle.
• The trek boers thought the Dutch East India Company were oppressive because they taxed them and interfered with their hunting and trading.
• The trek boers enjoyed the freedom and independence of traveling away from the DEIC.
• They traveled in ox wagons and slept in tents at night. The slaves walked.
• The men would go ahead on horseback to find a path forward and water for the camp that night.
• Sometimes if the group found a spot near a river they would stay there for a season or two.
• There was much conflict with local tribes over the journey.
• The trek boers would craft items using leather, wood and animal fat.

Question 24

Fill in the blank.
When the Trek boers moved inland, they started competing with the _____, the _______ and the _______ for grazing land and water.

Answer 24

San, Khoi Khoi, Xhosa.

Question 25

Fill in the blank.

There were many fights and raids between the San, Khoi Khoi, Xhosa and settlers, especially in the _____s.

Answer 25

1600s

Question 26

Fill in the blank.

Much of the Khoi Khoi population was depleted during three major outbreaks of ______ and _________.

Answer 26

smallpox and measles