exit card - organelles Flashcards
(non-membrane-bound structure in nucleus) containing RNA and proteins
nucleolus
a double membrane surrounding the nucleus
nuclear envelope
group of proteins forming openings in the nuclear envelope
nuclear pore complex
complex system of channels and sacs; composed of membranes enclosing a lumen. made up of 2 parts: rough and smooth
endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
a structure of RNA and proteins responsible for synthesis of polypeptides in the cytosol and on the surface of rough ER
ribosome
system within cell that acts to synthesize, modify and transport proteins and other cell products; includes ER, golgi apparatus, vesicles and cell membrane (among others)
endomembrane system
membrane enclosed sac used for transport and storage
vesicle
stack of curved membrane sacs that packages, processes, sorts and distributes proteins, lipids etc. acts as post office of the cell
golgi apparatus
(membrane-bound vesicle) containing enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis reactions, breaking down macromolecules
lysosome
(membrane-bound sac) containing oxidative enzymes that break down excess fatty acids and hydrogen peroxide, and participate in synthesis of bile acid and cholesterol
peroxisome
(large, membrane-bound sac) in plant cells and some other cells, it stores water, ions, macromolecules, sugars and amino acids
vacuole
organelle in cells of photosynthetic organisms in which light energy from the sun is captured and stored in the form of high energy organic molecules (ex. glucose)
chloroplast
an organelle in eukaryotic cells in which high energy organic molecules are oxidized to obtain energy
mitochondrion
the accepted model of the cell membrane, a basic framework of a semi-fluid phospholipid bilayer with a mosaic of proteins; carbohydrates may be attached to lipids or proteins
fluid mosaic model
