Exercises Flashcards
how long to hold static stretch
30s-1min
if very inflexible- 6-10min
proprioneruomuscular facilitation
a stretch to stimulate relaxation
tricks muscle spindles (type Ia)
agonist
the mover muscle
prime and assistant
antagonist
oppose action of agonist (necessary for joint stability
synergy
cooperative role of two of more muscles to produce same action
helping synergist
muscle with common action in one plane and opposite action in another plane
eg. flexor carpi radialis and ulnaris- wrist flexion and ulnar deviation
what does EMG measure
voltage difference between 2 sites
types of resistance
gravity inertia friction fluid elastic electronically controlled
resistance training using gravity
free weights
pulleys
signs of fatigue
sweating distraction slowed performance increased rate of respiration decreased ROM inability to complete prescribed # reps
exercises to increase strength
high resistance, low reps
exercises to increase endurance
low load, high resistance
exercises to increase ROM
AROM
PROM
AAROM
passive stretching (hold 30sec)
isotonic resistance exercise
3+ - 5 MMT
- 10x @50% max
- 10x @ 75% max
- 10x @100% max
isotonic active exercise
poor - fair muscle grades (2-3MMT)
ROM with no resistance
AAROM exercises
1- 3- MMT
pt moves through available ROM, therapist assists with the rest
PROM exercises
0-1 MMT
therapist moves pt through ROM
used to prevent contracture, adhesion, deformity
passive stretch exercises
therapist moves joint thru ROM and holds at end point
should be no residual pain when stretching stops
used when there is loss of ROM and stretching is not contraindicated
active stretch exercise
pt uses force of agonist to stretch antagonist
used when there is loss of ROM and stretching is not contraindicated
isometric exercise without resistance
1 - 5 MMT
used to maintain strength when joint movement is not possible or contraindicated
isometric exercise with resistance
3+ - 5 MMT
isometric contraction against resistance
used when joint movement is contraindicated but muscle strength must be increased or maintained
