Exercise Therapy Flashcards
Define exercise therapy
Exercise therapy is defined as a regimen or plan of physical activities designed and prescribed to facilitate the patients to recover from diseases and any conditions, which disturb their movement and activity of daily life or maintain a state of well-being
Describe the role of an ERI
The role of an ERI is to work as part of the MDT where they will be the lead exercise professional. With the goal to rehabilitate the patient.
Principles of rehab
Timing Individualisation Total patient Specific sequencing Compliance Intensity Avoid aggravation
Objectives of rehab(2)
Prevent further deconditioning
Rehabilitate the injured area
Goals of rehab(2)
Measurable and objective
Short to long term goals
Basic concepts of rehab
- Decrease pain/ reduce inflammation
- Flexibility & Range of Motion
- Strength & muscular endurance
- Balance, coordination & agility
- Functional Activity
- Performance of physical based activities
Relevant policy relating to the ERI role
- Standards of Proficiency to Practice (SPP) for Exercise Rehabilitation Instructors (ERI). V3.1 . Aug 2021
- Exercise Rehabilitation Instructor Code of Conduct. V1.0 Oct 20
- JSP 950 Part 1 Lft 2-22-1 (V1.1) Dec 10. Defence Medical Rehabilitation Plan (DMRP)
Explain Regional Anatomy
Based on the organization of the body into parts/regions.
Head Back Lower limb Neck Abdomen Upper limb Thorax Pelvis/perineum
Describe the Anatomical Start Position
Head, eyes and toes directed forward
Arms adjacent to the sides with the palms facing anteriorly
Lower limbs, closed together with the feet parallel and the toes directed anteriorly.
Understand theTerms of Relationship
Anterior/ventral- closer to the front Posterior/dorsal - closer to the back Superior- closer to the head Inferior- closer to the feet Medial- closer to the midline Lateral- further from the midline Superficial- closer to the surface Deep - further from the surface Proximal - closer to the truck/origin Distal- further from trunk/origin Caudal- towards the buttocks Central- towards the centre of the body Peripheral- towards the surface Palmer- on or towards palm of the hands Plantar- on towards the sole of the foot Dorsum- the upper surface of the hand or foot
Understand theTermsofMovement
Extension, flexion, abbduction adduction and so on
Understand the Terms of Laterally
Bi lateral- occurring both sides
Uni lateral- occurring on one side
Ipsilateral- occurring on the same side
Contralateral- occurring on the opposite side
Describe the clinical start positions
Standing Sitting Kneeling Supine lying Prone lying Elbow support lying 4 point kneeling Long sitting Short sitting Crook sitting Stork standing Tandem standing
Identify the Roles Muscles Can Play
Agonist
Antagonist
Synergist
Fixator
Define What is a Static & Dynamic Muscle Action
Static- no lengthening or shortening of the muscle and no movement of the limbs.
Dynamic- change in muscle length
Understand the Theory of Isometrics
Isometric is the static contraction of muscle
Understand the theory of eccentric training
Eccentric is the lengthening of the muscle
Can produce 30% more force
Example- running down hill, landing from a jump
Understand the theory of concentric training
It is the shorting of the muscle and is the principle muscle action
progressive model of muscle actions
Isometric
Eccentric only - gravity assisted
Active assisted
Concentric/eccentric BW - GA and AA
Concentric/eccentric resistance
Define Flexibility ,Mobility & Range of Movement.
Flexibility: Refers to a musculotendinous unit’s ability to elongate with application of a stretching force
Mobility: The ease with which an articulation or series of articulations is able to move before being restricted by the surrounding structures, Oxford Reference
Range of Movement (RoM): Is the amount of mobility of a joint and is determined by the soft-tissue and bony structures in the area
Mechanical Properties of
Connective Tissue
- Elasticity: Is the ability of a structure to return to its normal length after application of an elongation force or load (stress)
- Viscoelasticity: Is in substances that have both elastic and viscous properties. Viscosity = thick, sticky & semi fluid in consistency.
- Plasticity: Is the ability of a substance to undergo a permanent change in size or shape after a deforming force is applied.
Discuss the Causes of Poor Flexibility
Direct/indirect
Direct-
injury
Pathology to soft tissue
Immobilisation
Indirect - Pain inhibition/fear Odema Damage to joints Muscle weakness/imbalance Age