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MSK2 LEC > EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION > Flashcards

EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION Flashcards

1
Q

a subcategory of physical activity that is planned, structured, repetitive, and purposeful movement in the sense that the improvement or maintenance of one or more components of physical fitness is the objective

A

exercise

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2
Q

4 main focus for therapeutic exercises

A
  1. remediate/prevent impairments of body functions and structures
  2. improve, restore, or enhance activities and participation/function
  3. prevent/reduce health related risk factors
  4. optimize overall health, fitness, or sense of well-being
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3
Q

therapeutic exercises are specifically designed to

A

the needs of each patient/client

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4
Q

definition of patient

A

individual with impairments and functional deficits diagnosed by PT/MD and receiving PT to improve function and prevent disability

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5
Q

definition of client

A

individual without diagnosed movement dysfunctions who engages in PT exercises

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6
Q

goal when treating a client

A

promote health and wellness and to prevent dysfunction

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7
Q

give at least 5 types of therapeutic exercises

A
  • aerobic & endurance conditioning & reconditioning
  • agility training
  • balance training (static & dynamic)
  • body mechanics training
  • breathing exercises
  • coordination exercises
  • developmental activities training
  • gait training
  • motor training
  • movement pattern training
  • neuromotor developmental activities training
  • stretching
  • ROM exercises
  • perceptual training
  • neuromuscular education/re-education
  • postural stabilization & training
  • soft tissue stretching
  • joint mob
  • task-specific functional training
  • muscle performance exercises (strength, endurance, and power)
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8
Q

systematic practice of using muscle force to raise, lower, or control heavy external loads for a relatively low number of reps or over a short period of time

A

strength training

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9
Q

most common adaptation for strength training

A

an increase in the max force-producing capacity of muscle d/t neural adaptations and increased mm fiber size

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10
Q

related to strength and speed of movement

A

power

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11
Q

can represent a single burst of high-intensity activity or repeated bursts of less intense activity

A

power

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12
Q

gained by either inc the work a muscle must perform during a specified period of time or reducing the amount of time required to produce/complete work

A

power training

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13
Q

how to increase muscle power

A

inc intensity, dec time

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14
Q

ability to perform repetitive or sustained activities over a prolonged period of time

A

endurance

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15
Q

associated c repetitive, dynamic motor acts such as walking

A

cardiopulmonary endurance

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16
Q

ability of a muscle to contract repeatedly agains an external load, generate and sustain tension, and resist fatigue over an extended period of time

A

endurance

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17
Q

systematic practice of using mm force to raise, lower, or control a light external load for many reps over an extended period of time

A

endurance training

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18
Q

4 principles of exercise training

A
  • principle of individuality
  • said principle
  • disuse/reversibility principle
  • overload principle
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19
Q

in the principle of individuality, individual variations are caused by:

A
  • genetic characteristics
  • cellular growth rates
  • metabolism
  • neural regulation
  • endocrine regulation
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20
Q

this aspect of the said principle suggests that the adaptive effects of training, such as improvement of strength, power, and endurance, are highly specific to the training method employed

A

specificity of training

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21
Q

refers to the carry over of training effects from one variation of exercise or task to another

A

transfer of training, overflow, or cross training effect

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22
Q

exercising a certain body part or component primarily develops that part

A

Said principle

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23
Q

meaning of SAID

A

specific adaptations to imposed demands

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24
Q

suggests that adaptive changes in the body’s systems in response to an exercise program are transient unless training induced improvements are regularly used for functional acts/unless an individual participates in a maintenance program of resistance exercises

A

disuse/reversibility principle/principle of reversibility

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25
Q

how long does detraining begin?

A

1 week or 2 after cessation of resistance exercise; continues until training effects are lost

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26
Q

a foundational element that guides the use of resistance exercise in improving muscle performance

A

principle of progressive overload

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27
Q

principle that states that if muscle performance is to improve, a resistance load that exceeds the metabolic capacity of the muscle must be applied to challenge the muscle

A

overload principle

28
Q

T/F: to improve any aspect of physical fitness, an individual must continually inc the demands placed on the appropriate body systems

A

true

29
Q

this refers to how much resistance is imposed on the muscle

A

intensity

30
Q

this includes variables such as reps, sets or frequency, any combination of which can be adjusted to progressively inc the demands on muscle

A

volume

31
Q

parameter to increase when developing strength

A

intensity

32
Q

parameter to increase to train endurance

A

volume

33
Q

meaning of FITT-VP

A

frequency, intensity, time/duration, type/mode, volume/amount, progression

34
Q

this formula is an evidence-based recommendation and helps participants and PTs understand how long & hard the exercise should be

A

FITT-VP Formula

35
Q

pertains to the number of exercise sessions per day/week

A

frequency

36
Q

what to avoid in exercises

A

overtraining

37
Q

refers to the exercise’s level of difficulty

A

intensity

38
Q

patient responses that can modify the intensity (give 3)

A
  • inc in pain level
  • muscle fatigue
  • time taken to recover from fatigue
  • cardiovascular response
  • compensatory movements
  • level of motivation
  • degree of comprehension
39
Q

commonly used to help determine a patient’s RPE for endurance exercises

A

Borg’s Scale

40
Q

the total number of weeks or months during which an exercise program is carried out

A

time/duration

41
Q

length of time to complete an exercise

A

time/duration

42
Q

usual reps, sets, and recovery period between sets in an exercise program

A

8-12 reps, 1-3 sets, 60-90 sec recovery time

43
Q

average conditioning time and intensity

A

20-30 mins, moderate intensity

44
Q

how long does exercise usually last to improve physical conditioning

A

15-60 mins

45
Q

short exercises for about 3-10 mins are usually done in

A

severely compromised patients

46
Q

refers to the form of exercise, type of mm contraction that occurs, and the manner in which the exercise is carried out

A

type/mode

47
Q

referred to as the quantity of exercise completed weekly; product of frequency, intensity, and time

A

volume

48
Q

what is needed to further improve patient/client outcomes or to reach set Tx goals

A

progression

49
Q

factors to consider in exercise program implementation

A
  1. instructions to provide for the patient
  2. feedback
  3. PT and pt safety
50
Q

T/F: PT should only teach the patient how to perform exercises correctly and safely

A

False, PT should also teach family/caregivers

51
Q

process in exercise instruction

A

select > demonstrate > guide > use > complement > end

52
Q

sensory information that is received and processed by the learner during or after performing/attempting to perform a motor skill

A

feedback

53
Q

types of feedback

A

intrinsic
augmented (extrinsic)

54
Q

type of feedback that comes from all the sensory systems of the learner

A

intrinsic

55
Q

feedback that comes from the PT using visual, verbal, tactile, and auditory cues

A

augmented/extrinsic feedback

56
Q

either intrinsic feedback sensed during a task or immediate, post task, augmented feedback (usually verbal) about the nature or quality of the performance of a motor task

A

knowledge of performance

57
Q

immediate, post-task, augmented feedback about the outcome of the motor task

A

Knowledge of result

58
Q

components of exercise safety for the patient

A
  • health hx & current health status
  • meds
  • adequate space & proper support surface
  • equipment in good working condition
  • look for signs of fatigue
  • accurate execution of exercise
59
Q

components of exercise safety for the PT

A
  • use of proper body mechanics
  • joint progression
60
Q

this reinforces what is completed during each visit and eventually supports the transition to independent management of the condition

A

home exercise program (HEP)

61
Q

this term means a stronger connotation of active involvement of the patient and PT collaboration

A

adherence

62
Q

the more passive connotation with respect to the patient’s behavior

A

Compliance

63
Q

Give at least 3 barriers to adherence

A
  • pain
  • low levels of physical activity at baseline
  • psychological concerns
  • health beliefs
  • lack of social support
  • program-related variables
64
Q

give at least 3 strategies to increase adherence

A
  • provide info and patient education on benefits of exercise & improve their health literacy
  • setting personal achievable goals
  • do exercise routines that patients enjoy
  • easy & safe to perform, not too many
  • printed and verbal instructions are clear & understandable
  • set date and time to exercise
  • provide exercise logs to track progress
  • use of modalities to control pain
  • use of telerehab and apps to provide support
65
Q

How to measure adherence

A
  • exercise journal/diaries
  • computer programs, apps, wearable tech
  • outcome measure tools/questionnaires

MSK2 LEC (7 decks)

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