Exercise 7: Plant Cells and Tissues Flashcards
It refers to the study of the microscopic structures of tissues.
histology
It refers to the embryonic tissue regions that are actively and indefinitely creating new cells.
meristems
Describe the cells of meristems.
- thin cell walls
- small amount of endoplasmic reticulum
- undifferentiated proplastids
- dispersed, small vacuoles
Give the 2 classifications of meristems.
- apical meristem
- laterals meristem
TRUE or FALSE:
The cells of meristems are distinguishable from other mature cells by the presence of large nuclei.
True
Which among the types of meristems creates cells at the tips of the (main and lateral) shoots and of the roots?
apical meristem
Which among the types of meristems adds cells inward or outward of the plant body?
lateral meristem
Give the 3 types of cells in plant tissues.
- parenchyma cells
- collenchyma cells
- sclerenchyma cells
Which among the types of cells in plant tissues have thin and uniformly thick primary cell walls?
parenchyma cells
Which among the types of cells in plant tissues have thick and uneven primary cells walls made up of pectin.
collenchyma cells
Which among the types of cells possess thick secondary cell walls made of lignin?
sclerenchyma cells
Give the 3 types of tissue systems.
- dermal tissue system
- ground tissue system
- vascular tissue system
Which among the types of tissue systems lines the external surface of organs?
dermal tissue system
Which among the types of tissue systems functions in mechanical support, metabolism, and storage?
ground tissue system
Which among the types of tissue systems functions in transport of water, photosynthetic products, and other materials throughout the plant body?
vascular tissue system
Which among the types of cells in plant tissues is the most common in ground tissues.
parenchyma cells
Give the 4 types of specialized parenchyma cells.
- aerenchyma
- chlorenchyma
- secretory parenchyma
- storage parenchyma
Which among the types of parenchyma cells consists of irregularly shaped cells that bound large airspaces.
aerenchyma
Which among the types of parenchyma cells possesses chloroplasts and functions in photosynthesis.
chlorenchyma
Which among the types of parenchyma cells lines canals and possesses large vesicles containing various substances?
secretory parenchyma
It refers to the structure that the secretory parenchyma lines.
resin ducts
Which among the types of parenchyma cells possesses leucoplasts which store starch, proteins, or oil?
storage parenchyma
Which among the types of cells in plant tissues functions for structural support and is found at the periphery of the cross sections below the epidermis?
collenchyma
Which among the types of cells in plant tissues is present in ground and vascular tissues, and functions for structural support?
sclerenchyma cells
Differentiate the 2 types of scelerenchyma cells.
- fibers (elongated, flexible)
- sclereids (short, inflexible)
Give the staining substance used in sclerenchyma cells.
18% alcohol phloroglucinol-sulfuric acid
Give the 2 types of apical meristems.
- shoot apical meristems
- root apical meristems
TRUE or FALSE:
Lateral meristems are found among the mature plant tissues of the plant body.
True
It refers to the outer layer of cells which gives rise to the dermal tissue system.
protoderm
Which structure inner to the protoderm possesses larger cells that gives rise to the ground tissue system?
ground meristem
Which structure inner to the ground meristem possesses thin, elongated cells with large nuclei?
procambium
Give the 2 zones present in root apical meristems.
- zone of division
- zone of elongation
Which structure in the shoot apical meristem gives rise to leaves?
leaf primordium
Which structure in the shoot apical meristem has the potential to develop into new shoots?
bud primordium or axillary bud
