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Bio 11.1 (Botany) > Exercise 1: The Microscope > Flashcards

Exercise 1: The Microscope Flashcards

1
Q

Objects that are smaller than ____________ of a millimeter cannot be seen by the naked eye.

A

one-tenths

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2
Q

Which type of microscopy uses light to illuminate specimens and creates images where the specimen is dark and set against a bright background?

A

Light microscopy

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3
Q

Which types of microscopes use a two-lens system to obtain images of thin, minute specimens such as tissue sections and blood smears?

A

Compound light microscopes

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4
Q

Explain how to properly carry a microscope.

A

When carrying a microscope, hold it with one hand by the arm and support the base with the other.

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5
Q

How far from the table should a microscope be placed?

A

A microscope should be placed at least three centimeters from the edge of the table.

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6
Q

Which part of the microscope is the vertical extension of the base?

A

pillar

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7
Q

Which part of the microscope connects the arm and pillar?

A

inclination joint

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8
Q

Which part of the microscope controls the movement of the stage clips?

A

stage control knob

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9
Q

Which parts of the microscope are connected to the eyepiece?

A

draw tube and body tube

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10
Q

Enumerate the four types of objective lens and their respective magnification.

A
  • low power object (10x)
  • high power objective (40x)
  • scanning objective (4x)
  • oil immersion objective (100x)
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11
Q

Which two knobs control the movement of the stage at smaller and greater intervals?

A

fine adjustment knob and coarse adjustment knob

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12
Q

Give the two reflecting surfaces of a mirror attached to the pillar of a microscope.

A

plane and concave

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13
Q

Which part of the microscope focuses light onto the specimen?

A

condenser

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14
Q

Which part of the microscope regulates the amount of light passing through the aperture?

A

Iris diaphragm

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15
Q

Which term refers to the condenser and iris diaphragm?

A

substage

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16
Q

Which solvents can be used to wipe off persistent residue in microscopes?

A

distilled water, 90-100% ethanol, acetone

17
Q

Which solvent is recommended when removing thick substances such as immersion oil and hydrophobic stains in microscopes?

A

Xylene

18
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
For microscopes with mirrors, set it in a vertical position, facing sideways, before storage.

A

TRUE

19
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
For electrical microscopes, set the control for brightness to the lowest level and set the power switch to the off button.

A

TRUE

20
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
Set the revolving nosepiece to the lowest possible objective.

A

TRUE

21
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
For microscopes with an adjustable body tube, the lowest objective should be at least one centimeter above the stage.

A

TRUE

22
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
For microscopes with an adjustable stage, the stage should be set at the lowest level.

A

TRUE

23
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
When turning the revolving nosepiece, do not apply pressure on the objective. Place your fingers directly on the nosepiece.

A

TRUE

24
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
Use the concave surface of the mirror if the external light source is dim.

A

TRUE

25
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
Keep both eyes open when looking through the eyepiece.

A

TRUE

26
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
Tilt the microscope only when the specimen is held in place by the stage clips.

A

TRUE

27
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
When using LPO, turn the coarse adjustment knob until the objective is about 16 mm above the specimen while looking on one side of the microscope.

A

TRUE

28
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
If the adjustment knobs are located on both sides, always turn them simultaneously using both of your hands.

A

TRUE

29
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
The object is more or less focused when the HPO is 4 mm above the stage.

A

TRUE

30
Q

Which property refers to the ability of the microscope to distinguish two points of an image?

A

resolution

31
Q

What refers to the relative size of the final image seen by the eye to the object after light passes through the objective and eyepiece.

A

linear or total magnification

32
Q

Which property refers to a number between 0 and 1 that denotes the resolving power of an objective?

A

numerical aperture

33
Q

Which property refers to the ratio of the size of a drawing to that of the object drawn?

A

magnification

34
Q

Give the formula for magnification

A

magnification = size of drawing/size of specimen

35
Q

Which instrument used for measuring microscopic structures possesses a graduated scale with no inherent value?

A

eyepiece micrometer

36
Q

Which instrument refers to a slide provided with a scale with known values, usually in tenths and hundredths of a millimeter?

A

stage micrometer

37
Q

Give the formula for the calibration constant.

A

c = [(# of SMD x 0.01 mm/SMD) / (# of EMD)] (1000 μm/mm)

38
Q

Give the formula for calculating the size of a microscopic object given the number of EMDs spanned by the it’s length.

A

I = (# of EMD) (c)

Bio 11.1 (Botany) (9 decks)

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