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[1L] QUIZ 2: Exercise 7 to 16 > EXERCISE 7 > Flashcards

EXERCISE 7 Flashcards

1
Q

bacterial cell size in length

A

0.2 – 2um

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2
Q

bacterial cell size in diameter

A

2 to 8 um

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3
Q

spherical cells; 0.5 µm to 1 µm in diameter

A

Coccus

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4
Q

usually round, they may be oval, elongated, or flattened on one side

A

Coccus

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5
Q

rod-shaped cells; 0.5 µm to 20 µm long

A

Bacillus

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6
Q

slender bacillus

A

Salmonella typhi

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7
Q

rectangular with squared ends bacillus

A

Bacillus anthracis

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8
Q

Coryneform (appear club or dumbbell-shaped)

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

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9
Q

curved, comma-shaped cells

A

Vibrios

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10
Q

rigid-helical rod cells (14 to 20 coils per

organisms

A

Spirillum

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11
Q

flexible-helical roods about 4 coils per organisms

A

Spirochete

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12
Q

Vibrio cholerae

A

Vibrios

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13
Q

Treponema pallidum

A

Spirochete

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14
Q

classification of Pleomorphic

A

i. club-shaped
ii. bacilli with rounded end
iii. bacilli with square end
iv. star-shaped
v. square-shaped

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15
Q

one plane division, daughter cell are apart from each other

A

Singles

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16
Q

one plane division, daughter cells are adjacent to each other

A

Pairs

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17
Q

one plain division, daughter cells are very close to each other

A

Chains

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18
Q

a group of four’s - 2 plane division

A

Tetrads

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19
Q

box or cube-like, 3 plane division (Micrococcus luteus

A

Sarcinae

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20
Q

4 or more planes division

A

Clusters

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21
Q

multiple planes of division

A

Palisade

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22
Q

Cocci

pairs:
chains:
clusters:

A

diplococci
streptococci
staphylococci

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23
Q

Bacilli

regular, shorter
club or dumbbell shaped

A

coccobacillary

coryneform

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24
Q

Spirilla

about 4 coils per organism
14 to 20 coils per organisms

A

loose

tight

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25
Q

Major group of Prokaryotic cells

A

Bacteria, Archaea (blue-green algae

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26
Q

Major group of eukaryotic cells

A

Algae, fungi, protozoa, plants, animals

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27
Q

Size of cell: Prokaryotic cells

A

Typically 0.2-2.0 µm in diameter

28
Q

Size of cell: Eukaryotic cells

A

Typically 10-100 µm in diameter

29
Q

Motility: Prokaryotic cells

A

Flagella (simple: two CHON building blocks)

30
Q

Motility: Eukaryotic cells

A

Flagella (complex: multiple microtubules);
pseudopodia;
other complex locomotory organs

31
Q

Cell Wall: Prokaryotic cells - Bacteria

A

polysaccharide peptidoglycan,
lipids
proteins

– chemically complex

32
Q

Cell Wall: Prokaryotic cells - archaea

A

no peptidoglycan

33
Q

Cell Wall: Eukaryotic cells

A

Absent;

when present, contains chitin or cellulose

–chemically simple (green plants)

34
Q

Cell membrane: Prokaryotic cells

A

Present; phospholipids

No carbohydrates and
generally lacks sterols (except for Mycoplasma species)

35
Q

Cell membrane: Eukaryotic cells

A

Present; phospholipids

Sterols (cholesterol, ergosterol) and Carbohydrates that serve as receptors

36
Q

Ribosomes: Prokaryotic cells

A

Present;

smaller - 70S (50S+30S)

37
Q

Ribosomes: Eukaryotic cells

A

Present;

larger - 80S (60S+40S);

smaller size (70S) in organelles

38
Q

Cytoskeleton, Mitochondria, Golgi complex, Endoplasmic reticulum, Triglyceride fats: Prokaryotic cells

A

Absent

39
Q

Cytoskeleton, Mitochondria, Golgi complex, Endoplasmic reticulum, Triglyceride fats: Eukaryotic cells

A

Present

40
Q

Nucleus: Prokaryotic cells

A

Nucleoid

41
Q

Nucleus: Eukaryotic cells

A

True nucleus

42
Q

Nuclear membrane: Prokaryotic cells

A

Absent

43
Q

Nuclear membrane: Eukaryotic cells

A

Present

44
Q

Chromosomes: Prokaryotic cells

A

Single, closed, circular, double-stranded DNA (Some bacteria, such as Vibrio cholera, have two chromosomes)

45
Q

Chromosomes: Eukaryotic cells

A

Multiple, linear chromosomes

46
Q

Ploidy: Prokaryotic cells

A

Haploid

47
Q

Ploidy: Eukaryotic cells

A

Diploid, haploid (fungi)

48
Q

Transcription/Translation: Prokaryotic cells

A

Continuous, with short lived mRNA and polyribosome (polysome) formation

49
Q

Transcription/Translation: Eukaryotic cells

A

Discontinuous; long-lived mRNA transcribed in the nucleus and translated in the cytoplasm

50
Q

Histones: Prokaryotic cells

A

Absent in bacteria; present in archaea

51
Q

Histones: Eukaryotic cells

A

Present

52
Q

Protein synthesis: Prokaryotic cells

A

Ribosomes

53
Q

Protein synthesis: Eukaryotic cells

A

Ribosomes

54
Q

Protein/lipid transport: Prokaryotic cells

A

Cytoplasm (microcompartments – represent a type of organelle since the shell proteins can control transport similar to membrane-enclosed
organelles)

55
Q

Protein/lipid transport: Eukaryotic cells

A

Endomembrane system (SER & RER, Golgi apparatus & lysosomes)

56
Q

Energy generation: Prokaryotic cells

A

Cytoplasm & cell membrane

57
Q

Energy generation: Eukaryotic cells

A

Mitochondria

58
Q

Cell structure & transport: Prokaryotic cells

A

Protein in cytoplasm

59
Q

Cell structure & transport: Eukaryotic cells

A

Protein filaments (cytoskeleton – microtubules & actin filaments) in cytoplasm

60
Q

Water regulation: : Prokaryotic cells

A

Cell wall (osmosis)

61
Q

Water regulation: : Eukaryotic cells

A

Cell wall (osmosis)

62
Q

Sexual reproduction: Prokaryotic cells

A

Absent (unnecessary)

63
Q

Sexual reproduction: Eukaryotic cells

A

Present (may alternate with asexual reproductive cycle)

64
Q

Recombination: Prokaryotic cells

A

Chromosomal or plasmid gene exchange via transformation, transduction, or conjugation

65
Q

Recombination: Eukaryotic cells

A

The diploid zygote formed from haploid germ cells; meiosis results in genetic recombination

[1L] QUIZ 2: Exercise 7 to 16 (6 decks)

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