Exercise 3

Question 1

Integumentary system; what is the largest organ in the body?

Answer 1

skin - it accounts for approx 15% of body weight.

Question 2

Integumentary system; what is the name for the structures including nails, hair, sebaceous glands & sweat glands?

Answer 2

accessory structures

Question 3

What is the name for the medical specialty concerned with the skin and its diseases?

Answer 3

dermatology

Question 4

What is the name of the specialist who treats skin disorders by medical or surgical means?

Answer 4

dermatologist

Question 5

What is the name of a fully qualified surgeon who performs plastic surgery, i.e. reshaping tissues of the body to restore form & function?

Answer 5

specialist plastic surgeon

Question 6

What do sebaceous glands produce?

Answer 6

sebum (an oily secretion)

Question 7

What is the name for maintaining skin temperature?

Answer 7

thermoregulation

Question 8

What does the skin secrete to protect the body from sunburn?

Answer 8

melanin

Question 9

What vitamin does the skin synthesise through exposure to UV light?

Answer 9

Vitamin D

Question 10

The skin is made up of 3 layers - what is the name of the outermost layer which separates the body from the enviroment.

Answer 10

epidermis

Question 11

The epidermis is made up of numerous layers of different cells; which cells produce keratin?

Answer 11

keratinocytes - helps give the epid.its protective & water proofing properties.

Question 12

The epidermis is made up of numerous layers of different cells; which cells produce the brown pigment melanin?

Answer 12

melanocytes - melanin gives skin its colour

Question 13

The epidermis is made up of numerous layers of different cells; which cells function as sensory receptors for touch?

Answer 13

merkel cells or tactile cells. There are lots on our palms & soles of our feet

Question 14

The epidermis is made up of numerous layers of different cells; which cells are macrophages that ingest disease-causing anitgens?

Answer 14

langerhans cells or epidermal dendritic cells. They also ingest foreign particles & damaged cells in the skin.

Question 15

What is the layer below the epidermis?

Answer 15

dermis - This is a thicker layer of skin.

Question 16

Which layer of skin contains nerve endings, blood vessels, oil glands & sweat glands?

Answer 16

dermis - it also contains collagen fibres for strength & elastin fibres to keep it stretchy.

Question 17

What is the deepest layer of skin called?

Answer 17

subcutaneous layer (aka hypodermis, subdermis or subcutis)

Question 18

What is the name of the flexible strand of largely dead keratininsed cells?

Answer 18

hair

Question 19

Hair: what is the name of the tiny tube in the skin through which a hair on the body grows?

Answer 19

follicle

Question 20

Hair; what is the name of the cells that produce the hair?

Answer 20

hair matrix

Question 21

Hair; what is the name of the muscle that makes hair stand up?

Answer 21

arrector pili muscle

Question 22

Hair: connected to each follicle in the dermis layer which gland releases sebum onto the hair?

Answer 22

sebaceous gland - this lightly coats the hair with oil, giving it some shine & a little waterproofing

Question 23

Where are the sebaceous glands located?

Answer 23

in the dermis

Question 24

Where are the sweat glands located?

Answer 24

in the dermis

Question 25

What are the sweat glands called that are found all over the skins surface producing sweat required for thermoregulation?

Answer 25

eccrine sweat glands-they are abundant on the palms, soles & forehead

Question 26

what are the sweat glands called that are usually associated with hair follicles in densely hairy areas?

Answer 26

apocrine sweat glands - considered they play a part in the human pheromone response

Question 27

If the body is too hot or cold the skin responds to messages from the ?????

Answer 27

hypothalamus - the brains inner thermometer.