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Histology Laboratory > Exercise 2: The Cell > Flashcards

Exercise 2: The Cell Flashcards

1
Q

Protoplasm is composed of mainly how many basic substances?

A

FIVE (5)
a. Water
b. Electrolytes
c. Proteins
d. Lipids
e. Carbohydrates

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2
Q

They are the 3 basic parts of an animal cell

A
  1. Plasma or cell membrane/ Plasmalema
  2. Cytoplasm
  3. Nucleus
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3
Q

These are the 2 components of a cytoplasm

A
  1. Cytosol
  2. Organelles
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4
Q

It is called the intracellular fluid that contains water, dissolved solutes, and suspended particles

A

Cytosol

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5
Q

It is a barrier that surrounds and contains the cytoplasm of the cell

A

Plasma membrane

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6
Q

(T or F) Phospholipids had a Non- Polar head and a Polar tail

A

FALSE (Polar head and Non-Polar tail)

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7
Q

It stabilizes the membrane and regulates the fluidity of the phospholipid bilayer

A

Cholesterol

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8
Q

They are proteins that can be removed by ONLY detergents that disrupt the bilayer; they also act as ion channels/water channels

A

Integral Proteins

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9
Q

They are proteins with carbohydrate groups that protrude into the extracellular fluid

A

Glycoproteins

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10
Q

They act like a molecular “signature” that enables cells to recognize one another because of their extensive fuzzy or sugary coat

A

Glycocalyx

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11
Q

They are proteins that function almost entirely as enzymes but are not very firmly embedded in the membranes

A

Peripheral Proteins

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12
Q

(T or F) Organelles may be membrane-bound or not membrane-bound

A

TRUE

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13
Q

It is the space between the inner and outer membranes of the mitochondria and it contains a variety of enzymes

A

Intermembranous Space

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14
Q

(T or F) a mitochondrion is self-replicating

A

TRUE

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15
Q

What are the two (2) subunits of the Ribosomes

A

Large 60S and Small 40S

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16
Q

It synthesizes proteins that are packed and stored in the cell as lysosomes or released from the cell as secretory products

A

Attached Ribosomes

17
Q

It is the largest membranous system of the cell and it consists of the cisternae

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

18
Q

It is the site for the synthesis of proteins for secretion, incorporation to the membrane as enzymes within lysosomes

A

Rough/Granular Endoplasmic Reticulum

19
Q

It synthesizes fatty acids and steroids

A

Smooth/Agranular Endoplasmic Reticulum

20
Q

Also known as intermediate face

A

Medial face

21
Q

They transport materials between different cell compartments and to the plasma membrane to export

A

Transport/Secretory Vesicles

22
Q

They carry our autophagy, Implement autolysis, and accomplish extracellular digestion

A

Lysosomes

23
Q

They are important in the production of hydrogen peroxide for killing pathogens; detoxification of certain toxic materials; and catabolism of long-chain fatty acids

A

Peroxisomes

24
Q

They are responsible for the degradation and digestion of damaged or unneeded proteins (systolic proteolysis)

A

Proteasomes

25
Q

It is the control center of the cell that houses the DNA which serves as the genetic material

A

Nucleus

26
Q

The site of rRNA synthesis and ribosome assembly and tRNA is also processed

A

Nucleoli

27
Q

Tightly coiled chromatin fibers during mitosis and meiosis

A

Chromosomes

28
Q

Project from the apical surfaces of certain cells in the body

A

Cillia, Flagellum, Microvilli

29
Q

Supporting framework of fibrillar proteins

A

Cytoskeleton

30
Q

Maintains cell’s shape and polarity

A

Microtubules

31
Q

The microtubules of the mitotic spindle align the centromeres of the chromatid pairs at the exact center of the mitotic spindle

A

Metaphase

32
Q

Serves as a site for attachment to microtubules

A

Kinetochore

33
Q

The cell replicated its DNA

A

Interphase

34
Q

the term called for sperm/oocyte

A

Germ cell

35
Q

Is any cell of the body other than the germ cell

A

Somatic cell

Histology Laboratory (6 decks)

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