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Biology 227 LAB > Exercise 2 > Flashcards

Exercise 2 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The basic unit or building block of all living things.

A

Cell

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2
Q

A group of cells that are similar in structure and function.

A

Tissue

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3
Q

A structure composed of two or more tissue types that performs a specific function for the body.

A

Organ

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4
Q

A group of organs that act together to perform a particular body function.

A

Organ System

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5
Q

A thin muscle attached to the inferior boundary of the rib cage; separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities.

A

Diaphragm

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6
Q

An irregular mass of glandular tissue overlying the heart.

A

Thymus

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7
Q

Medial oval structure enclosed within the pericardium (serous membrane sac).

A

Heart

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8
Q

Lateral to the heart on either side.

A

Lungs

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9
Q

Tubelike “windpipe” running medially down the throat; part of the respiratory system.

A

Trachea

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10
Q

Two passageways that plunge laterally into the tissue of the two lungs.

A

Bronchi

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11
Q

A food chute; the part of the digestive system that transports food from the pharynx (throat) to the stomach.

A

Esophagus

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12
Q

A curved organ important in food digestion and temporary food storage.

A

Stomach

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13
Q

An extension of the peritoneum that covers the abdominal viscera.

A

Greater Omentum

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14
Q

Connected to the stomach and ending just before the saclike cecum.

A

Small Intestine

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15
Q

A large muscular tube connected to the small intestine and ending at the anus.

A

Large Intestine

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16
Q

The initial portion of the large intestine.

A

Cecum

17
Q

Terminal part of the large intestine; continuous with the anal canal.

A

Rectum

18
Q

The opening of the digestive tract (through the anal canal) to the exterior.

A

Anus

19
Q

An apronlike serous membrane; suspends many of the digestive organs in the abdominal cavity; heavily invested with blood vessels, and more likely than not, riddled with large fat deposits.

A

Mesentery

20
Q

A diffuse gland; rests dorsal to and in the mesentery between the first portion of the small intestine and the stomach.

A

Pancreas

21
Q

A dark red organ curving around the left lateral side of the stomach; considered part of the lymphatic system and often called the red blood cell graveyard.

A

Spleen

22
Q

Large and brownish red; the most superior organ in the abdominal cavity, directly beneath the diaphragm.

A

Liver

23
Q

Bean-shaped organs; retroperitoneal (behind the peritoneum).

A

Kidneys

24
Q

Large endocrine glands that sit on top of the superior margin of each kidney; considered part of the endocrine system.

A

Adrenal Glands

25
Q

Tube running from the indented region of the kidney to the urinary bladder.

A

Ureter

26
Q

The sac that serves as a reservoir for urine.

A

Urinary Bladder

27
Q

The large vein that returns blood to the heart from the lower body regions.

A

Inferior Vena Cava

28
Q

Deep to the inferior vena cava; the largest artery of the body; carries blood away from the heart down the midline of the body.

A

Descending Aorta

29
Q

The pouch of skin that contains the testes.

A

Scrotum

30
Q

The male gonad or reproductive gland; either of two oval glands located in the scrotum.

A

Testis

31
Q

Also called vas deferens; carries sperm from the testis superiorly into the abdominal cavity and joins with the urethra.

A

Ductus Deferens

32
Q

Another name for ductus deferens; carries sperm from the testis superiorly into the abdominal cavity and joins with the urethra.

A

Vas Deferens

33
Q

The male organ; extends from the bladder to the ventral body wall.

A

Penis

34
Q

Y-shaped; lies against the dorsal body wall and superior to the bladder.

A

Uterus

35
Q

A small oval structure at the end of the uterine horn.

A

Ovary

36
Q

The female organ; leads to the body exterior.

A

Vagina

37
Q

External vaginal opening.

A

Vaginal Orifice

38
Q

Also called fallopian tubes; convey the ova from the ovary to the uterus.

A

Uterine Tubes

Biology 227 LAB (2 decks)

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