Exercise 2 Flashcards
The basic unit or building block of all living things.
Cell
A group of cells that are similar in structure and function.
Tissue
A structure composed of two or more tissue types that performs a specific function for the body.
Organ
A group of organs that act together to perform a particular body function.
Organ System
A thin muscle attached to the inferior boundary of the rib cage; separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities.
Diaphragm
An irregular mass of glandular tissue overlying the heart.
Thymus
Medial oval structure enclosed within the pericardium (serous membrane sac).
Heart
Lateral to the heart on either side.
Lungs
Tubelike “windpipe” running medially down the throat; part of the respiratory system.
Trachea
Two passageways that plunge laterally into the tissue of the two lungs.
Bronchi
A food chute; the part of the digestive system that transports food from the pharynx (throat) to the stomach.
Esophagus
A curved organ important in food digestion and temporary food storage.
Stomach
An extension of the peritoneum that covers the abdominal viscera.
Greater Omentum
Connected to the stomach and ending just before the saclike cecum.
Small Intestine
A large muscular tube connected to the small intestine and ending at the anus.
Large Intestine
The initial portion of the large intestine.
Cecum
Terminal part of the large intestine; continuous with the anal canal.
Rectum
The opening of the digestive tract (through the anal canal) to the exterior.
Anus
An apronlike serous membrane; suspends many of the digestive organs in the abdominal cavity; heavily invested with blood vessels, and more likely than not, riddled with large fat deposits.
Mesentery
A diffuse gland; rests dorsal to and in the mesentery between the first portion of the small intestine and the stomach.
Pancreas
A dark red organ curving around the left lateral side of the stomach; considered part of the lymphatic system and often called the red blood cell graveyard.
Spleen
Large and brownish red; the most superior organ in the abdominal cavity, directly beneath the diaphragm.
Liver
Bean-shaped organs; retroperitoneal (behind the peritoneum).
Kidneys
Large endocrine glands that sit on top of the superior margin of each kidney; considered part of the endocrine system.
Adrenal Glands
Tube running from the indented region of the kidney to the urinary bladder.
Ureter
The sac that serves as a reservoir for urine.
Urinary Bladder
The large vein that returns blood to the heart from the lower body regions.
Inferior Vena Cava
Deep to the inferior vena cava; the largest artery of the body; carries blood away from the heart down the midline of the body.
Descending Aorta
The pouch of skin that contains the testes.
Scrotum
The male gonad or reproductive gland; either of two oval glands located in the scrotum.
Testis
Also called vas deferens; carries sperm from the testis superiorly into the abdominal cavity and joins with the urethra.
Ductus Deferens
Another name for ductus deferens; carries sperm from the testis superiorly into the abdominal cavity and joins with the urethra.
Vas Deferens
The male organ; extends from the bladder to the ventral body wall.
Penis
Y-shaped; lies against the dorsal body wall and superior to the bladder.
Uterus
A small oval structure at the end of the uterine horn.
Ovary
The female organ; leads to the body exterior.
Vagina
External vaginal opening.
Vaginal Orifice
Also called fallopian tubes; convey the ova from the ovary to the uterus.
Uterine Tubes
