Exercise 17: Histology Of Nervous Tissue

Question 1

Supporting cells of the CNS

Answer 1

Glial cells

Question 2

6 types of glial cells

Answer 2

CNS: Oligodendrocytes, Astrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells

PNS: Schwann cells, satellite cells

Question 4

Basic functional units of nervous tissue

Answer 4

Neurons

Question 5

All neurons have a ____________ from which slender processes or fibers extend.

Answer 5

Cell body

Question 6

Clusters of cell bodies in CNS

Answer 6

Nuclei

Question 7

Collections of cell bodies in PNS

Answer 7

Ganglia

Question 8

Neuron processes in CNS

Answer 8

Tracts

Question 9

Neuron processes in PNS

Answer 9

Nerves

Question 10

The cytoskeletal elements of the neuron

Answer 10

Neurofibrils

Question 11

An elaborate type of rough ER; involved in metabolic activities of the cell

Answer 11

Nissl bodies

Question 12

Receptive region of neuron

Answer 12

Dendrite

Question 13

Generate and conduct nerve impulses

Answer 13

Axons

Question 14

Branches of axon

Answer 14

Collaterals

Question 15

Slightly enlarged cell body structure

Answer 15

Axon hillock

Question 16

The axon ends in many small structures called _________________, which form synapses with neurons or effector cells.

Answer 16

Axon terminals

Question 17

Each axon terminal is separated from the cell body of dendrites of the postsynaptic neuron by a tiny gap called the _____________________.

Answer 17

Synaptic cleft

Question 18

Long nerve fibers covered with a fatty material (myelin)

Answer 18

Myelinated fibers

Question 19

Schwann cells

Answer 19

Myelinate axons in the PNS

Question 20

Peripheral part of the Schwann cell and its exposed plasma membrane

Answer 20

Neurilemma

Question 21

Myelinating cells of CNS

Answer 21

Oligodendrocytes

Question 22

Gaps in myelin sheath

Answer 22

Nodes of Ranvier

Question 23

One very short process (which divides into peripheral and central processes) extends from the cell body

Answer 23

Unipolar neuron

Question 24

Nearly all neurons that conduct impulses toward the CNS are _______________.

Answer 24

Unipolar

Question 25

2 processes attached to the cell body…..rare neuron type found in the retina and ear

Answer 25

Bipolar neuron

Question 26

Many dendrites and one axon extend from the cell body; mostly CNS neurons and neurons with axons that carry impulses away from CNS

Answer 26

Multipolar neuron

Question 27

Neurons carrying impulses from sensory receptors in the viscera, skin, skeletal muscles, joints, or special sensory organs

Answer 27

Sensory (afferent) neuron

Question 28

Sensory neurons are typically what type of neuron?

Answer 28

Unipolar

Question 29

Neurons carrying activating impulses from the CNS to the viscera, body muscles and glands

Answer 29

Motor (efferent) neuron

Question 30

Motor neurons are mostly what type of neuron?

Answer 30

Multipolar

Question 31

Neurons situated between and contribute to pathways that connect sensory and motor neurons

Answer 31

Association neuron (interneuron)

Question 32

Interneurons are typically what type of neuron?

Answer 32

Multipolar

Question 33

A bundle of neuron fibers or processes wrapped in connective tissue coverings that extends to and/or from the CNS and visceral organs or structures of the body periphery

Answer 33

Nerve

Question 34

Nerves carrying both sensory and motor fibers are called __________.

Answer 34

Mixed nerves

Question 35

All _____________ nerves are mixed nerves.

Answer 35

Spinal

Question 36

Nerves that carry only sensory processes and conduct impulses only toward the CNS

Answer 36

Sensory nerves