Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A&P Lab > Exercise 10 > Flashcards

Exercise 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Axial skeleton

A

Can be divided into three parts: the skull, vertebral column, and bony thorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Skull

A

Composed of two sets of bones:
Cranium: enclose and protect the fragile brain tissue
Facial bones: present in the eyes in an anterior position and form the base for the facial muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are sutures? Name the sutures of the skull.

A

Joints that join the bones of the skull; coronal, squamous, sagittal, lambdoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Frontal bone

A

Anterior portion of the cranium; forms the forehead, superior part of the orbit, and floor of anterior cranial fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Parietal bone

A

Posteriolateral to the frontal bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Temporal bone

A

Inferior to the parietal bone on the lateral skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Important markings of the temporal bone

A

Squamous suture: point of articulation of the temporal bone with the parietal bone
Zygomatic process: Bridgelike projection joining the zygomatic bone (cheekbone) anteriorly
Mandibular fossa: Rounded depression on the inferior surface of the zygomatic process (anterior to the ear); forms the socket for the mandibular condyle, where the mandible (lower jaw) forms the cranium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Occipital bone

A

Most posterior bone of the cranium–forms floor and back wall; contains the foramen magnum and occipital condyles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Sphenoid bone

A

Bat shaped bone forming the anterior plateau of the middle cranial fossa across the width of the skull; contains greater wings, lesser wings, and the sella turcica

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Ethmoid bone

A

Irregularly shaped bone anterior to the sphenoid; Forms the roof of the nasal cavity; contains the crista galli, cribiform plates, and perpendicular plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Foramen magnum

A

Large opening in the base of occipital, which allows the spinal cord to join the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Occipital condyles

A

Rounded projections lateral to the foramen magnum that articulate with the first cervical vertebra (atlas)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Greater wings

A

Portions of the sphenoid seen exteriorly anterior to the temporal and forming a part of the eye orbits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Lesser wings

A

Bat-shaped portions of the sphenoid anterior to the sella turcica

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sella tucica (Turk’s saddle)

A

A saddle shaped region in the sphenoid midline. The seat of the saddle is called the hypophyseal fossa, which surrounds the pituitary gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Crista galli (Cock’s comb)

A

Vertical projection providing a point of attachment for the dura mater, helping secure the brain within the skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cribiform plates

A

Bony plates lateral to the crista galli through which olfactory fibers pass to the brain from the nasal mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Perpendicular plate

A

Inferior projection of the ethmoid that forms the superior part of the nasal septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the 8 cranium bones?

A

Frontal, parietal (2), temporal (2), occipital, ethmoid, sphenoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the 14 facial bones?

A 
1 x Mandible
1 x Vomer
2 x Inferior Nasal Conchae
2 x Lacrimal Bones
2 x Maxillae 
2 x Nasal Bones 
2 x Palatine Bones
2 x Zygomatic Bones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Palatine

A

Paired bones posterior to the palatine processes; form posterior hard palate and part of the orbit; meet medially at the median palatine suture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Zygomatic

A

Lateral to the maxilla; forms the portion of the face comonly called the cheek bone, and forms part of the lateral orbit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Lacrimal

A

Fingernail sized bones forming a part of the medial orbit walls between the maxilla and the ethmoid; each is pierced by an opening (lacrimal fossa) which serves as a passageway for tears

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Nasal

A

Small, rectangular bones forming the bridge of the nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Inferior nasal conchae

A

Thin, curved bones protruding medially from the lateral walls of the nasal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Maxillae

A

Two bones fused in a median suture; Form the upper jawbone and part of the orbits; contain the palatine processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Vomer

A

Blade shaped bone in median plane of nasal cavity that forms the posterior and inferior nasalseptum

28
Q

Mandible

A

The lower jawbone, which articulates with the temporal bones in the only freely movable joints of the skull; contains the mandibular body, mandibular ramus, mandibular condyle, and mandibular symphysis

29
Q

Hyoid bone

A

Not really considered a skull bone; Located in the throat above the larynx; point of attachment for many neck and tongue muscles

30
Q

Mandibular body

A

Horizontal portion, forms the chin

31
Q

Mandibular ramus

A

Vertical extension of the body on either side

32
Q

Mandibular condyle

A

Articulation point of the mandible with the mandibular fossa of the temporal lobe

33
Q

Mandibular symphysis

A

Anterior median depression indicating point of mandibular fusion

34
Q

Palatine processes

A

Form the anterior hard palate; meet medially in the intermaxillary suture

35
Q

Name the four skull bones that contain sinuses that lead into the nasal passages

A

Maxillary, sphenoid, ethmoid, and frontal

36
Q

Vertebral column

A

Extends from the skull to the pelvis, form the body’s major axial support

37
Q

How many single bones are there in an adult vertebral column?

A

24

38
Q

Name the two composite, or fused bones that provide a flexible curvature.

A

Sacrum and coccyx

39
Q

Name the sections and numbers of vertebrae

A

7 Cervical vertebrae
12 Thoracic vertebrae
5 Lumbar Vertebrae

40
Q

What separates the vertebrae?

A

Pads of fibrocartilage called intervertebral discs, which cushion and absorb shocks

41
Q

Body (centrum) of vertebrae

A

Rounded central portion of the vertebra which faces anteriorly in the human vertebral column

42
Q

Vertebral (spinal) foramen

A

Opening enclosed by the body and vertebral arch; a conduit for the spinal cord

43
Q

Transverse processes of vertebrae

A

Two lateral projections from the vertebral arch

44
Q

Spinous process of vertebrae

A

Single medial and posterior projection from the vertebral arch

45
Q

Intervertebral foramina

A

The right and left pedicles have notches on their inferior and superior surfaces that crease these openings for spinal nerves to leave the spinal cord between adjacent vertebrae

46
Q

Name three abnormal spinal curvatures

A

Scoliosis, kyphosis, and lordosis

47
Q

Atlas

A

C1 The first cervical vertebrae; lacks a body and its lateral processes contain large concave depressions on their superior surfaces that receive the occipital condyles of the skull

48
Q

Axis

A

C2 The second cervical vertebrae; acts as a pivot for the rotation of the axis and skull, contains dens (odontoid processes)

49
Q

Odontoid processes

A

Serve as the pivot point

50
Q

Sacrum

A

A composite bone formed from the fusion of five vertebrae; contains the median sacral crest, sacral foramina, and sacral canal

51
Q

Median sacral crest

A

Remnant of the spinous processes of the fused vertebrae

52
Q

Sacral foramina

A

Located at either end of the four ridges that cross the anterior part of the sacrum; allow blood vessels and nerves to pass

53
Q

Sacral canal

A

A continuation of the vertebral canal that continues inside the sacrum

54
Q

Coccyx

A

Formed from the fusion of three to five small irregularly shaped vertebrae

55
Q

How many and what bones compose the bony thorax?

A

Three; Sternum, ribs, and thoracic vertebrae

56
Q

How many bones fused to make up the sternum?

A

Three; Manubrium, body, and xiphoid process

57
Q

Sternum

A

(Breastbone) A typical flat bone; the result of the fusion of three bones, the manubrium, body, and xiphoid process; Attached to first 7 ribs

58
Q

Manubrium

A

Looks like the knot of a tie; Articulates with the clavicle (collarbone) laterally

59
Q

Body (gladiolus) of sternum

A

Forms the bulk of the sternum

60
Q

Xiphoid process

A

Constructs the inferior end of the sternum and lies at the level of the fifth intercostal space

61
Q

How many ribs does a person have?

A

12

62
Q

Vertebrosternal, or true, ribs

A

The first 7 pairs of ribs, attach directly to the sternum by their own costal cartilages

63
Q

False ribs

A

The 5 pairs of ribs following the first 7 (8-12); attach indirectly to the sternum or entirely lack a sternal attachment

64
Q

Vertebrochondral ribs

A

Rib pairs 8-10; have indirect cartilage attachments to the sternum via the costal cartilage of rib 7

65
Q

Vertebral, or floating, ribs

A

Rib pairs 11-12; have no sternal attachment

A&P Lab (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions