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American Government > Executive Branch Exam > Flashcards

Executive Branch Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

who creates the budget for the US?

A

the president

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2
Q

what three things does the US spend the most on?

A

1) Social Services
2) Defense
3) Interest on Debt

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3
Q

what are the three types of budgets?

A

1) Surplus (takes in more $ than we spend)
2) Balanced (revenues=expenditures)
3) Deficit (we spend more than we take in)

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4
Q

debt vs. deficit

A

deficit- typically 1 year

debt- money owed for a set period of time

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5
Q

what are the two stages of budgeting?

A

1) concurrent budget resolution phase

2) reconciliation phase

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6
Q

concurrent budget resolution phase

A

HOR & Senate set spending limits for upcoming year

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7
Q

reconciliation phase

A

HOR & Senate write tax laws & agree upon how much money will be spent for each specific cause

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8
Q

lobbyists

A

groups that try to convince legislators to support their cause (write laws)

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9
Q

what is the impeachment process?

A

1) allegation
2) HOR finds evidence
3) Senate holds trial
* 67 Senators to convict

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10
Q

the proposal stage

A

proposal to amend Constitution is passed between both chambers and it requires a 2/3 vote in each

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11
Q

president qualifications (3)

A

age: 35
natural-born citizen
lived in country for 14 years

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12
Q

law of the blood (name+meaning)

A

jus sanguinis

parents are natural-born citizens

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13
Q

law of the soil (name+meaning)

A

jus soli

anyone born in the US

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14
Q

intangible powers of the president (4 P’s)

A
  • Propose Public Policy
  • Power of Personal Persuasion
  • Power of Precedent
  • Power of Prestige
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15
Q

power of precedent

A

looking back to past decisions for guidance

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16
Q

power of prestige

A

built through political capital- amount of “goodwill” with the public is built through popular policies

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17
Q

political capital

A

amount of “goodwill” with the public is built through popular policies

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18
Q

22nd amendment

A

limits presidential terms to 2

19
Q

fiscal policy

A

attempt to manage economy through taxing and spending

20
Q

monetary policy

A

attempt to manage economy by controlling overall money supply

21
Q

inflation

A

when money loses value

22
Q

recession

A

decline in economic activity

23
Q

capitalism connotations

A

limited government, supply and demand, self-interest, competition

24
Q

cost-push inflation

A

cost of production increases, supply decreases

prices are raised

25
Q

demand-pull inflation

A

demand is high, supply is low

prices go up

26
Q

recession problems

A

limited money, high unemployment, decline in GDP (how much items are worth)

27
Q

inflation (taxing and spending habits)

A

tax increases + less spending

28
Q

recession (taxing and spending habits)

A

tax cuts + more government spending

29
Q

surplus budget

A

revenues exceed expenditures

30
Q

deficit budget

A

expenditures exceed revenues

31
Q

fiscal year

A

Oct 1- Sept 30

32
Q

how many regions of the Federal Reserve

A

12

33
Q

multiplier effect

A

reserve rate expands money supply

34
Q

discount rate

A

rate Fed. Reserve charges member banks

35
Q

federal funds rate

A

rate banks charge to loan each other

36
Q

how many cabinet apartments

A

15

37
Q

what is the cabinet?

A

highest level w/ access to the President

38
Q

big four cabinet departments

A

1) Defense
2) Treasury
3) State & Justice Advisory
4) Policy Making

39
Q

executive agencies

A

important agencies appointed by president (CIA, NASA)

40
Q

open markets (what do they do + for inflation and recession)

A

buy or sell bonds
inflation- sell
recession- buy

41
Q

government corporations (+ examples)

A

pay as you go system/ private-sector corporation

Amtrak, FDIC, Post Office

42
Q

independent regulatory commissions (+ examples)

A

designed to monitor and oversee areas of US economy (nuclear power, television, securities and exchange- stock market)

43
Q

pardon vs. reprieve

A

Pardon- president forgives those charged w/ crime

Reprieve-delay in execution of sentence to allow convict time to apply for Presidential Pardon

44
Q

what vote do treaties require?

A

2/3 vote in Senate

American Government (3 decks)

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