Excretory System

Question 1

Calculation to determine how well the blood is filtered by kidneys; measuring the remaining
kidney function

Answer 1

Glomerular filtration rate

Question 2

Covers kidney

Answer 2

Renal capsule

Question 3

Body immune system attacks the filter membranes in the kidneys

Answer 3

Membranous nephropathy

Question 4

Bacteria found in intestines

Answer 4

Escherichia coli (E. coli)

Question 5

Stages of CKD:

Answer 5

Stage 1: With normal or high glomerular filtration rate (GFR); 90mL per minute
Stage 2: Mild CKD; 60-89mL per minute
Stage 3A: Moderate CKD; 45-59mL per
minute
Stage 3B: Moderate CKD; 30-44mL per
minute
Stage 4: Severe CKD; 15-29mL per
minute
Stage 5: End CKD; Less than 15mL per
minute

Question 6

Composition of Urine

Answer 6

Water
Dissolved organic compounds
Dissolved inorganic compounds
Non dissolved substances

Question 7

Which kidney is lower

Answer 7

Right kidney

Question 8

Urethra size for female

Answer 8

4 cm

Question 9

Major inorganic component of
human urine

Answer 9

Fluoride

Question 10

Breaks down many substances
into blood including toxins. It also
excretes bilirubin

Answer 10

Liver

Question 11

Filtered water ions and molecules will leave tubules for return to the blood by peritubular capillaries

Answer 11

Tubular reabsorption

Question 12

Process in which kidney filters blood to remove excess waste and fluid

Answer 12

Glomerular filtration

Question 13

Most common form of UTI

Answer 13

Bladder infection or Cystitis

Question 14

Size and weight of kidney

Answer 14

11 cm long, 5 cm wide, 3 cm thick, and 130 grams

Question 15

Carry urine from the blood to
the outside of the body

Answer 15

Urethra

Question 16

Presence of glucose in urine

Answer 16

Glycosuria

Question 17

Production of sweat by sweat
glands

Answer 17

Skin

Question 18

Kidney stones

Answer 18

Renal Lithiasis

Question 19

Filter large volume of blood

Answer 19

Kidneys

Question 20

Responsible excretion of gaseous
waste like carbon dioxide

Answer 20

Lungs

Question 21

Diabetic kidney disease

Answer 21

Diabetic nephropathy

Question 22

Eliminate solid waste and remains after food digested and water
is extracted from indigestible matter

Answer 22

Large Intestine

Question 23

Carries mineral rich oxygenated blood from the heart to the kidney for nutrition and cellular respiration

Answer 23

Renal artery

Question 24

Glomerulus function as semipermeable membrane to
make a ultrafiltrate of plasma that protein free

Answer 24

Glomerular filtration

Question 25

Substances from the blood is transported across the one of
the tubules into the filtrate

Answer 25

Tubular secretion

Question 26

Gradual loss of kidney function

Answer 26

Chronic Kidney Disease
(CKD)

Question 27

The process of removing wastes and excess water from the body

Answer 27

Excretion

Question 28

Tubular structures that
connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder

Answer 28

2 ureters

Question 29

What protects kidney

Answer 29

Rib cage

Question 30

Main organ of excretion;
elimination of excess water and waste from bloodstream is done by production of urine

Answer 30

Kidneys

Question 31

Large vein that carries blood to the heart to the lower part of the body

Answer 31

Inferior vena cava

Question 32

Location of kidney

Answer 32

Last thoracic vertebrae to third
lumbar vertebrae

Question 33

Caused by metabolic and hemodynamic changes in DM

Answer 33

Glomerular sclerosis

Question 34

Main blood vessel that carries blood from the kidney and ureter to the inferior vena cava

Answer 34

Renal vein

Question 35

Urethra size for male

Answer 35

20 cm

Question 36

Blood vessels in the kidney become damaged and thickened

Answer 36

Membranous nephropathy

Question 37

Entry of renal artery and nerves
and the exit of renal vein

Answer 37

Hilum

Question 38

Major organic component of
human urine

Answer 38

Urea

Question 39

Kidney disorder that causes body to pass too much protein in the urine

Answer 39

Nephrotic syndrome