Excretory System Flashcards

1
Q

Calculation to determine how well the blood is filtered by kidneys; measuring the remaining
kidney function

A

Glomerular filtration rate

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2
Q

Covers kidney

A

Renal capsule

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3
Q

Body immune system attacks the filter membranes in the kidneys

A

Membranous nephropathy

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4
Q

Bacteria found in intestines

A

Escherichia coli (E. coli)

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5
Q

Stages of CKD:

A

Stage 1: With normal or high glomerular filtration rate (GFR); 90mL per minute
Stage 2: Mild CKD; 60-89mL per minute
Stage 3A: Moderate CKD; 45-59mL per
minute
Stage 3B: Moderate CKD; 30-44mL per
minute
Stage 4: Severe CKD; 15-29mL per
minute
Stage 5: End CKD; Less than 15mL per
minute

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6
Q

Composition of Urine

A

Water
Dissolved organic compounds
Dissolved inorganic compounds
Non dissolved substances

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7
Q

Which kidney is lower

A

Right kidney

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8
Q

Urethra size for female

A

4 cm

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9
Q

Major inorganic component of
human urine

A

Fluoride

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10
Q

Breaks down many substances
into blood including toxins. It also
excretes bilirubin

A

Liver

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11
Q

Filtered water ions and molecules will leave tubules for return to the blood by peritubular capillaries

A

Tubular reabsorption

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12
Q

Process in which kidney filters blood to remove excess waste and fluid

A

Glomerular filtration

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13
Q

Most common form of UTI

A

Bladder infection or Cystitis

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14
Q

Size and weight of kidney

A

11 cm long, 5 cm wide, 3 cm thick, and 130 grams

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15
Q

Carry urine from the blood to
the outside of the body

A

Urethra

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16
Q

Presence of glucose in urine

A

Glycosuria

17
Q

Production of sweat by sweat
glands

18
Q

Kidney stones

A

Renal Lithiasis

19
Q

Filter large volume of blood

20
Q

Responsible excretion of gaseous
waste like carbon dioxide

21
Q

Diabetic kidney disease

A

Diabetic nephropathy

22
Q

Eliminate solid waste and remains after food digested and water
is extracted from indigestible matter

A

Large Intestine

23
Q

Carries mineral rich oxygenated blood from the heart to the kidney for nutrition and cellular respiration

A

Renal artery

24
Q

Glomerulus function as semipermeable membrane to
make a ultrafiltrate of plasma that protein free

A

Glomerular filtration

25
Substances from the blood is transported across the one of the tubules into the filtrate
Tubular secretion
26
Gradual loss of kidney function
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
27
The process of removing wastes and excess water from the body
Excretion
28
Tubular structures that connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder
2 ureters
29
What protects kidney
Rib cage
30
Main organ of excretion; elimination of excess water and waste from bloodstream is done by production of urine
Kidneys
31
Large vein that carries blood to the heart to the lower part of the body
Inferior vena cava
32
Location of kidney
Last thoracic vertebrae to third lumbar vertebrae
33
Caused by metabolic and hemodynamic changes in DM
Glomerular sclerosis
34
Main blood vessel that carries blood from the kidney and ureter to the inferior vena cava
Renal vein
35
Urethra size for male
20 cm
36
Blood vessels in the kidney become damaged and thickened
Membranous nephropathy
37
Entry of renal artery and nerves and the exit of renal vein
Hilum
38
Major organic component of human urine
Urea
39
Kidney disorder that causes body to pass too much protein in the urine
Nephrotic syndrome