Excretory System Flashcards
Calculation to determine how well the blood is filtered by kidneys; measuring the remaining
kidney function
Glomerular filtration rate
Covers kidney
Renal capsule
Body immune system attacks the filter membranes in the kidneys
Membranous nephropathy
Bacteria found in intestines
Escherichia coli (E. coli)
Stages of CKD:
Stage 1: With normal or high glomerular filtration rate (GFR); 90mL per minute
Stage 2: Mild CKD; 60-89mL per minute
Stage 3A: Moderate CKD; 45-59mL per
minute
Stage 3B: Moderate CKD; 30-44mL per
minute
Stage 4: Severe CKD; 15-29mL per
minute
Stage 5: End CKD; Less than 15mL per
minute
Composition of Urine
Water
Dissolved organic compounds
Dissolved inorganic compounds
Non dissolved substances
Which kidney is lower
Right kidney
Urethra size for female
4 cm
Major inorganic component of
human urine
Fluoride
Breaks down many substances
into blood including toxins. It also
excretes bilirubin
Liver
Filtered water ions and molecules will leave tubules for return to the blood by peritubular capillaries
Tubular reabsorption
Process in which kidney filters blood to remove excess waste and fluid
Glomerular filtration
Most common form of UTI
Bladder infection or Cystitis
Size and weight of kidney
11 cm long, 5 cm wide, 3 cm thick, and 130 grams
Carry urine from the blood to
the outside of the body
Urethra
Presence of glucose in urine
Glycosuria
Production of sweat by sweat
glands
Skin
Kidney stones
Renal Lithiasis
Filter large volume of blood
Kidneys
Responsible excretion of gaseous
waste like carbon dioxide
Lungs
Diabetic kidney disease
Diabetic nephropathy
Eliminate solid waste and remains after food digested and water
is extracted from indigestible matter
Large Intestine
Carries mineral rich oxygenated blood from the heart to the kidney for nutrition and cellular respiration
Renal artery
Glomerulus function as semipermeable membrane to
make a ultrafiltrate of plasma that protein free
Glomerular filtration
Substances from the blood is transported across the one of
the tubules into the filtrate
Tubular secretion
Gradual loss of kidney function
Chronic Kidney Disease
(CKD)
The process of removing wastes and excess water from the body
Excretion
Tubular structures that
connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder
2 ureters
What protects kidney
Rib cage
Main organ of excretion;
elimination of excess water and waste from bloodstream is done by production of urine
Kidneys
Large vein that carries blood to the heart to the lower part of the body
Inferior vena cava
Location of kidney
Last thoracic vertebrae to third
lumbar vertebrae
Caused by metabolic and hemodynamic changes in DM
Glomerular sclerosis
Main blood vessel that carries blood from the kidney and ureter to the inferior vena cava
Renal vein
Urethra size for male
20 cm
Blood vessels in the kidney become damaged and thickened
Membranous nephropathy
Entry of renal artery and nerves
and the exit of renal vein
Hilum
Major organic component of
human urine
Urea
Kidney disorder that causes body to pass too much protein in the urine
Nephrotic syndrome
