Excretory and Digestive Systems + Surgery and Anaesthesia

Question 1

Anaesthesia

Answer 1

Definition: Medicine that blocks sensation, making surgery painless.
Types: General, regional, local.

Question 2

General Anaesthesia

Answer 2

Definition: Renders the patient unconscious for major surgeries.
Example: Used in complex surgeries like heart operations.

Question 3

Regional Anaesthesia

Answer 3

Definition: Numbs a large area of the body while the patient stays awake.
Example: Epidural anAesthesia for childbirth.

Question 4

Local Anaesthesia

Answer 4

Definition: Numbs a small, specific area.
Example: Used in dental procedures.

Question 5

Sedation

Answer 5

Definition: Mild form of anaesthesia to relax a patient.
Use: Commonly used for minor procedures.

Question 6

Urinalysis

Answer 6

Definition: A test of urine composition, used for diagnosis.
Example: Can reveal signs of infection, kidney disease, or diabetes.

Question 7

Nephron

Answer 7

Definition: The functional unit of the kidney involved in waste filtration.
Example: Filters blood to produce urine.

Question 8

Glomerulus

Answer 8

Definition: A network of capillaries in the nephron that filters blood.
Example: Damage here can lead to kidney disease.

Question 9

Bilirubin

Answer 9

Definition: A substance made from the breakdown of red blood cells; excreted in bile.
Example: Elevated levels may indicate liver disease.