Excretory Flashcards
What are the organs included in Excretory
And what they excrete
Large intestine : feces
Lungs : co2
Skin: sweat,salt,h2o,urea
Liver:breaks down toxin
Kidneys :filtration
Where is the kidney located
Below rib cage in either side of spine
What are the kidney hats
Adrenal glands which secretes hormones like adrenaline, cortisol
What is the function of kidney
Regulates filtration and transcription of blood and other substances
Where does filtration occur
Cortex of kidney packed with capillaries
What happens in the medulla
Reabsorption
Nephron
Functional part of kidney packed with cappilaries (tube)
What are the parts of nephron
Glumerulus
Loop of henle
Collective duct
Renal artery ( entrance)
Vein(exit)
Bowman’s
Capillaries
Distal tubule
How does filtration happen
Blood enters the glomerous then filtrate is dumped into nephron occurs in cortex of kidney then filtrate is stored in bowman’s capsule
How does reabsorption happen
Reabsorption happen as filtrate passes it mostly occurs in the medulla then in the proximal, loop, distal,
What gets absorbed in proximal
Nutrients and salts
Loop of Henley what gets reabsorbed
Goes to high salt concentration and water is absorbed
What is absorbed in the distal tubule
Salt to keep medulla salty
Why do kidney filter everything
To ensure unusual stuff is excreted
How does blood return to blood
Via renal vein
Where does remaining filtrate go
Turns into urine enters collective duct
What does kidney filter from blood
Filtrate
What is in the filtrate that is excreted
Salt,h2o, urea ,
What is reabsorbed in filtrate
Glucose , vitamins ,water,salt
Which part of the kidney has more salt which has less
Medulla : salty
Cortex : less
Function of excretion
Excretion of metabolic waste
What is urea
A colourless odourless solid soluble in water
Why is urea made
To prevent excess nitrogen
Where is urea and how is it made
In the liver to mix ammonia with Co2
What are the filtrate
Water, salt , urea
What are reabsorbed
Glucose and vitamins
Process of filtration in nephron
Blood enters glomerulus then filtrates from blood is dumped in the nephron then collects in the bowman’s capsule proceeding to proximal tubule
Reabsorption process
Filtrate passes through medulla and these gets reabsorbed from each part
Proximal : nutrients/ salt
Loop of Henley: water diffused back after going to high salt concentration
Distal: salt is reabsorbed for medulla salt concentration
Path of filtrate throughout nephron
Oxygen rich blood enters renal artery then to the glomerulus where filtrate is then collected in the bowman’s capsule separated from blood proceeds to the proximal for Reabsorption of water, nutrients and ions occur then to the loop of Henley where h2 o is diffused back then to the distal tubule to be collected in the collecting duct to be excreted through pelvis out the urethra
Medulla function
Water absorption and blood pH ( loop of Henley )
Cortex
( proximal tubule , glomerulus ) blood filtration
Ureter
Transport of urine
Bladder
Urine temporary storage
Renal vein
De oxygenated blood exit and filtered back to heart through the vena cava
Renal artery
Unfiltered. Oxygen rich blood entrance to kidney from aorta
Why does kidney filter blood from artery
To remove excess waste while maintaining blood pH
Why do kidneys filter out more than they need to reabsorbed certain compounds
To ensure homeostasis in fluid, acids and blood pressure enough to keep vital substances and get rid of waste
3 ways kidneys help with homeostasis
Remove waste
Regulation of blood ph
Blood volume
6 materials filtered from blood
Urea, water, amino acids,
How are kidney activities controlled
Dialysis
Process of filtration through a machine
