excretion

Question 1

define excretion

Answer 1

removal of toxic materials and waste products of metabolism from organisms

Question 2

what are some common excretory products and what are their corresponding excretory organs and what form excreted as

Answer 2

co2: lungs, expired, air
excess minerals and salts such as urea: [kidney, skin], sweat, urine
excess water: kidney, skin, lungs: urine, sweat, water vapour in expired air
bile pigments: liver, faeces c

Question 3

structure and function of kidney

Answer 3

contains numerous nephrons.
responsible for osmoregulation, keeping water potential of body fluids constant.

Question 4

structure and function of ureter

Answer 4

tube connects kidney to urinary bladder.
urine flows from kidney to bladder through ureter

Question 4

structure and function of bladder

Answer 4

muscular bag, store urine

Question 5

structure and function of urethra

Answer 5

muscular tube which urine flows from bladder to exterior

Question 6

define ultrafiltration

Answer 6

non-selective filtering process, occur at glomerulus

Question 6

what is glomerulus made up of

Answer 6

network of capillaries

Question 7

why does ultrafiltration occur

Answer 7

blood pressure forces fluid from blood in the glomerulus into lumen of bowman’s capsule. capillaries and specialised cells of the bowman’s capsule allow water and small solutes to pass through into bowman’s capsule, but not blood cells and large molecules such as plasma proteins.

Question 8

why does blood enter more readily in the afferent arteriole compared to efferent arteriole

Answer 8

afferent arteriole while brings blood into glomerulus large lumen