Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Integrated Science (Biology) - Year 10 > Excretion > Flashcards

Excretion Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is metabolism?

A

This is the name given to the chemical reactions that goes on in the cells that changes food into energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Differentiate between catabolism and anabolism

A

Catabolism describes breaking down processes whereas anabolism describes building up processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define excretion

A

This si the removal of waste products made in chemical reactions in the cells, which may be harmful to the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Differentiate between egestion and secretion

A

Egestion is the removal of waste products of digestion from the body through the anus
whereas
Secretion is the production and release of useful chemical substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How do unicellular organisms excrete?

A

They excrete by simple diffusion through the cell membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the four main excretory organs found in mammals?

A

Lungs
Liver
Skin
Kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the functions of the main excretory organs?

A

Lungs- removes CO2 and water vapour

Liver - removes bile pigments from the breakdown of haemoglobin in worn out red blood cells which are lost in faeces

Skin - removes salts, water and traces of urea via the sweat glands

Kidneys - removes water and large quantities of urea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is meant by deamination?

A

This is the process whereby excess amino acids are removed from the body via urination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define the skin

A

This is a tough and flexible covering of the body acting as a mechanical protective external layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How are the kidneys connected to the urinary bladder?

A

By two ureters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the erector muscle of the skin?

A

It controls whether hair stands up or lies down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the sebaceous gland of the skin

A

It produces an oil called sebum which lubricates the skin and hair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of the blood capillaries in the skin?

A

It controls the amount of blood brought close to the skin(and the amount of heat lost)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function of the hair in the skin?

A

It regulates temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the various sensory cells and their functions?

A

Pain receptor - detects pain

Temperature receptor - detects temperature changes in the environment

Pacinian corpuscles - pressure receptor

Meissner’s corpuscles - touch receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Fat cells…

A

Insulates

17
Q

Mention 3 functions of the skin

A

Prevents excessive loss of water from the body

Thermoregulation

A sensory receptor organ which receives the stimuli of touch, pain, heat and cold protecting the body from harm

Protects the body from bacterial and fungal invasion and UV light or radiation

Excretory organ..excreting urea, lactic acid and water

18
Q

What is the name of the tube which leads from the bladder to outside?

A

Urethra

19
Q

What are kidney tubules?

A

Aka nephrons..the basic units of the kidney

20
Q

What are the two main regions of the vertical cross section of a kidney?

A

Medulla - lighter,inner region

Cortex - outer, darker region

21
Q

How many nephrons are in a kidney?

A

One million per kidney

22
Q

The network of capillaries found in the bowman’s capsule is called..

A

Glomerulus

23
Q

The capillaries of the glomerulus and bowman’s capsule have special structures to allow small molecules to pass through them. What is the name of this filtration under pressure?

A

Ultrafiltration

24
Q

What is the name given to the filtrate that filtrates under pressure in the kidneys?

A

Glomerular filtrate

25
Q

What two parts is the skin divided into?

A

Epidermis - the outer part of the skin which is several layers thick

Dermis - a layer of connective tissues containing relatively few cells and many fibres

26
Q

The innermost layer of the epidermis is the…

A

Malpighian layer

27
Q

Mammals are homoiotherms
True or false

A

True

28
Q

What does it mean to be homoiothermic?

A

The ability to maintain a constant temperature despite changes in the environment

29
Q

What are the two stages of urine formation?

A

Ultrafiltration
Selective reabsorption

30
Q

Define selective reabsorption?

A

The reabsorption into the blood useful metabolites like glucose and amino acids from the glomerular filtrate into the proximal tubule

31
Q

Define homeostasis

A

The process of maintaining a constant internal body environment within a living system

32
Q

What are the three regions that make up the epidermis?

A

Cornified or horny layer - the upper, thin region which consists of flats, dead cells which flake off

Granular layer. - below 👆… consists of living cells produced recently by the Malpighian layer

Malpighian layer - below 👆.. continuous layer where cells are actively dividing, continually producing new epidermis

It contains the pigment melanin

Integrated Science (Biology) - Year 10 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions