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Pharmaceutics > Excipients for immediate-release tablets > Flashcards

Excipients for immediate-release tablets Flashcards

1
Q

What is an IR tablet?

A

Uncoated (mostly) / uncoated tablet, with a purpose to have the a rapid rate of disintegration

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2
Q

What is the time for dissolution that complies with the BP?

A

75% in 45 minutes

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3
Q

Which excipients are in an IR tablet that influence the tablet formation?

A 
Filler
Binder
Lubricant
Anti-adherent
Glidant
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4
Q

Which excipients in IR influence the drug release & absorption?

A

Disintegrant
Dissolution enhancer
Absorption enhancer

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5
Q

Which excipients influence organoleptic enhancement?

A

Coating
Colourant
Flavouring

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6
Q

What are the acceptance criterias for IR tablets?

A

Must past Stage 1/2/3

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7
Q

What is the function of the filler/dilutent?

A

Makes tablets more than 50mg easier for handling

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8
Q

What is the function of the binder?

A

Adhesive

Increases compactability and mechanical strength

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9
Q

What is the function of a disintegrant?

A

Breaks the tablet up into smaller particles (when it enters the body)

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10
Q

What is the function of a lubricant?

A

Reduces friction

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11
Q

What is the function of an anti-adherent?

A

Prevents adhesion to punches (during compaction process)

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12
Q

What is the function of the glidant?

A

Improves powder flowability

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13
Q

What is the function of the coating?

A

Masks taste
Improves ease of swallowing
Reduces friability
Improves stability

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14
Q

What is the function of the colourant?

A

Tablet identification
In tablet core or coating
Printing ink

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15
Q

What is the function of flavouring?

A

Enhance test

Not usually used for tablets that are swallowed

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16
Q

What is the common lubricant used in paracetamol?

A

Stearic acid which can function as anti-adherent and glidant. (hydrophobic)

17
Q

What is the common binder used in paracetamol?

A

Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)

18
Q

What is a caplet?

A

An elongated tablet

19
Q

What binder is obtained from animals?

A

Gelatin

20
Q

What are some properties of gelatin?

A

semi-synthetic, odourless, soluble in water

21
Q

What are the two types of disintergants?

A

Traditional and superdisintegrants

22
Q

What is a traditional disintegrant?

A

Polymers swell in 2D upon hydration

23
Q

What is a superdisintegrant?

A

Cross-linked polymers swell in 3D upon hydration,much more effective for this matter

24
Q

What is the purpose of disintegrant?

A

Increase the surface area

25
Q

The larger the surface area, the ….. the dissolution.

A

Quicker

26
Q

What are the mechanism of disintegration (6)?

A

1) Swelling
2) Wicking
3) Strain recovery
4) Heat of interaction (wetting)
5) Interruption of bonding forces
6) Repulsion

27
Q

What is wicking?

A

Hydrophillic polymers create hydrophillic conduits
*water diffuses through pores, creates a hydrophillic passage causing water to come through, therein starting the swelling process

28
Q

What is wicking?

A

Hydrophillic polymers create hydrophillic conduits
*water diffuses through pores, creates a hydrophillic passage causing water to come through, therein starting the swelling process

29
Q

What is strain recovery?

A

Particles deform elastically during tablet formation and become interlocked with potential energy.
Water infiltration into tablet causes particles to regain original shape.

30
Q

What is heat of interaction? (wetting)

A

Heat released during particle interaction with water

31
Q

What is the interruption of bonding forces?

A

Interlocking particles, solid bridges, bonds weakened in aqueous environment (Bridge washed away by water)

32
Q

What is repulsion?

A

Electrostatic repulsion pushes particles apart

33
Q

What is the in vitro disintegration time for Paracetamol effervescent tablets?

A

<5

34
Q

What is effervescent disintegration? (Sodium hydrogen carbonate)

A

Gas generation, of CO2 when put in water, gas forces the tablets to break

35
Q

What is the point of IR?

A

to increase rate of dsintegration

Pharmaceutics (7 decks)

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