exchange surfaces Flashcards
3 factors that decide if an organism needs a SES
surface area:volume ratio
metabolic rate
size
list substances organisms need
oxygen, water, glucose, amino acids, lipids, mineral ions
small unicellular organisms have a _____ SA : V ratio and a ____ metabolic rate
very large, low
small unicellular organisms rely on ______ to obtain substances
diffusion
large multicellular organisms have a _____ SA:V ratio and a _____ metabolic rate
small, high
large multicellular organisms rely on ______
specialised exchange surface
large multicellular organisms have ____ heat loss
slow
smaller animals, e.g rats have a _____ SA:V ratio than larger animals and have a _____ metabolic rate
larger, high
smaller animals have _____ heat loss
rel. fast
smaller animals rely on _____ to obtain substances
specialist exchange surfaces
very small animals e.g leech have a _____ SA:V ratio and have ____ skin
v. large, moist
very small animals e.g leech have some _____ _____ through _____ _____
gas exchange, moist skin
what is ficks law
rate of diffusion;; SA x conc difference/ thickness of membrane
define ficks law (words)
relationship between variables that affect diffusion
factors that make a good exchange surface
large SA
thin/short dd
steep conc gradient
-fresh supply and constant removal
order of diffusion of oxygen in mammalian gas exchange, start with trachea
trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli in lungs
cartilage surrounds _____ and _____
trachea and bronchus
ciliated epithelium in ____
bronchioles, trachea, bronchus
goblet cells are found in…
trachea, bronchus, bronchioles
smooth muscle is ______ and helps ____ _____
involuntary, restricts airway
smooth muscle is found in ….
trachea, bronchus, bronchioles
elastic fibres are found in…
all, trachea, bronchus, bronchioles, alveoli
define ventillation
maintain steep conc gradient for efficient gas exchange
