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cell structure and function > Exan 4 2.0 > Flashcards

Exan 4 2.0 Flashcards

1
Q

types of cell-cell junctions

A

gap
tight
adhesive

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2
Q

adhesive junctions

A

link cells together into tissues
anchor the cytoskeleton to the cell surface

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3
Q

homophilic interactions

A

cells interact with identical molecules on the surface of the cell to which they adhere

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4
Q

hetrophilic interactions

A

cell adhesion receptor on one cells interacts with a different molecule on the surface of the cell to which it adheres

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5
Q

two main types of adhesive junctions

A

adherens junctions
desmosomes

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6
Q

adherens junctions

A

cadherin-mediated adhesive junctions that interact with actin, predominant in epithelial cells

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7
Q

cadherins are characterized by

A

a series of structurally similar domains in their extracellular domain
a transmembrane domain
widely varying cytosolic ends

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8
Q

E-cadherins

A

associate in pairs in the plasma membrane
EC domain have structures that allow them to “zip” together

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9
Q

P-cadherins

A

“placental” cadherins

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10
Q

desmosomes

A

button-like points of strong adhesion between adjacent cells in a tissues

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11
Q

desmosome cadherins

A

desmocollins and desmogleins

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12
Q

lectin

A

carbohydrate-binding proteins
promote cell-cell adhesions by binding to a specific sugar or sequence of sugars exposed at the outer cell surface

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13
Q

selectins

A

cell surface glycoproteins that mediate leukocytes with endothelial cells lining blood vessels

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14
Q

tight junctions

A

specialized structures that serve to seal cells tightly together

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15
Q

claudins

A

four membrane-spanning domains, thought to interlock to form a tight seal

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16
Q

extracellular matrix

A

extracellular materials that are crucial for tissue structure and function

17
Q

collagens

A

form fibers with high tensile strength
occur as a triple helix of three intertwined polypeptide chains
unusual amino acid composition, glycine, hydroxylysine and hydroxyproline

18
Q

elastins

A

rich in amino acids glycine and proline
crosslinked to one another by covalent bonds between lysine residues

19
Q

glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)

A

large carbohydrates characterized by repeating disaccharide units
chondroitin sulfate, keratan sulfate, and hydulronate

20
Q

proteogycans

A

consists of numerous GAG chains attached along the length of a core protein, integral components of the plasma membrane

21
Q

hyaluronate

A

free hyaluronate, consisting of hundred or even thousands of repeating disaccharide units has lubricating properties

22
Q

adhesive glycoproteins

A

bind proteoglycans, collagen molecules, and receptors on the membrane surface
fibronectins and laminins

cell structure and function (6 decks)

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