EXAMS 3 Flashcards
anisocoria
unequal pupil size
Palpebral Fissure
open space between upper & lower
Limbus
border of the cornea & sclera (where white & color meet)
Tarsal Plates-
upper lid connective tissue which gives shape to the eye
Conjunctiva- transparent protective cover over the exposed part of the eye. (think of the old plastic slip covers from the 60’s)
Lacrimal Apparatus-
constant irrigation to keep the conjunctiva & cornea moist, also secretes tears
Extraocular Muscles-
(6) gives rotation & straight movements CN #III, IV, VI
Meibomian Glands
Located in the tarsal plates, sebaceous glands give an oily lubricant to help seal the eye when closed
Lacrimal Apparatus-
constant irrigation
Infants and children eye development
fetus eye dev 8 wks of pregnancy. Born with peripheral vision, not visual acuity. Acuity achieved by age 6.
Cornea
sensory for pain
Iris
works as a diaphragm, controlling light (colored part of the eye
Pupil size
the size is determined by the CNS, constricts or dilates
Lens
sits behind the pupil, it is a disc that bulges for focusing near, flattens for far objects
Anterior chamber-
continuously moving fluid, protects and lubricates the eye. Intraocular Pressure measurement for glaucoma
Inner layer—retina (mellon colored)
light waves change into nerve impulses
Optic disc- (lighter, yellow-orange to pink colored)
located on the nasal side
Retinal vessels-
arteries & veins
Macula
temporal side, darker pigment. Circular, creates tearing
indirect or consensual reflex
exposure of light in left eye causes constriction in right eye
Accommodation
is a functional reflex allowing the eyes to focus on near objects.
This is accomplished through movement of the ciliary muscles, causing an increase in the curvature of the lens. This change in shape of the lens is not visible. However, convergence of the eyes and constriction of the pupils occur simultaneously and can be seen.
Thepupillary light reflex
causes pupils immediately to constrict when exposed to bright light
what is a visual field
Avisual fieldrefers to what a person sees with one eye.
The temporal quadrants of each visual field extend farther than the nasal quadrants. Thus, each eye sees a slightly different view but their visual fields overlap quite a bit. As a result of this, humans have binocular vision (“two-eyed” vision) in which the visual cortex fuses the two slightly different images and provides depth perception, or three-dimensional vision.
Strabismus, diplopia:
Seeing double?
history for aging adult eye
Visual difficulty,, Eye dryness, Decreased activities
Lens harden/opague Cataracts, Glaucoma test, macular generation or loss of central vision
