EXAMS 3

Question 1

anisocoria

Answer 1

unequal pupil size

Question 2

Palpebral Fissure

Answer 2

open space between upper & lower

Question 3

Limbus

Answer 3

border of the cornea & sclera (where white & color meet)

Question 4

Tarsal Plates-

Answer 4

upper lid connective tissue which gives shape to the eye
Conjunctiva- transparent protective cover over the exposed part of the eye. (think of the old plastic slip covers from the 60’s)

Question 5

Lacrimal Apparatus-

Answer 5

constant irrigation to keep the conjunctiva & cornea moist, also secretes tears

Question 6

Extraocular Muscles-

Answer 6

(6) gives rotation & straight movements CN #III, IV, VI

Question 7

Meibomian Glands

Answer 7

Located in the tarsal plates, sebaceous glands give an oily lubricant to help seal the eye when closed

Question 8

Lacrimal Apparatus-

Answer 8

constant irrigation

Question 9

Infants and children eye development

Answer 9

fetus eye dev 8 wks of pregnancy. Born with peripheral vision, not visual acuity. Acuity achieved by age 6.

Question 10

Cornea

Answer 10

sensory for pain

Question 11

Iris

Answer 11

works as a diaphragm, controlling light (colored part of the eye

Question 12

Pupil size

Answer 12

the size is determined by the CNS, constricts or dilates

Question 13

Lens

Answer 13

sits behind the pupil, it is a disc that bulges for focusing near, flattens for far objects

Question 14

Anterior chamber-

Answer 14

continuously moving fluid, protects and lubricates the eye. Intraocular Pressure measurement for glaucoma

Question 15

Inner layer—retina (mellon colored)

Answer 15

light waves change into nerve impulses

Question 16

Optic disc- (lighter, yellow-orange to pink colored)

Answer 16

located on the nasal side

Question 17

Retinal vessels-

Answer 17

arteries & veins

Question 18

Macula

Answer 18

temporal side, darker pigment. Circular, creates tearing

Question 19

indirect or consensual reflex

Answer 19

exposure of light in left eye causes constriction in right eye

Question 20

Accommodation

Answer 20

is a functional reflex allowing the eyes to focus on near objects.

This is accomplished through movement of the ciliary muscles, causing an increase in the curvature of the lens. This change in shape of the lens is not visible. However, convergence of the eyes and constriction of the pupils occur simultaneously and can be seen.

Question 21

Thepupillary light reflex

Answer 21

causes pupils immediately to constrict when exposed to bright light

Question 22

what is a visual field

Answer 22

Avisual fieldrefers to what a person sees with one eye.

The temporal quadrants of each visual field extend farther than the nasal quadrants. Thus, each eye sees a slightly different view but their visual fields overlap quite a bit. As a result of this, humans have binocular vision (“two-eyed” vision) in which the visual cortex fuses the two slightly different images and provides depth perception, or three-dimensional vision.

Question 23

Strabismus, diplopia:

Answer 23

Seeing double?

Question 24

history for aging adult eye

Answer 24

Visual difficulty,, Eye dryness, Decreased activities

Lens harden/opague Cataracts, Glaucoma test, macular generation or loss of central vision