Exams Flashcards
How does a change in Pressure Altitude affect the climb performance with regard to the Rate Of Climb and the Climb Angle? Increasing Pressure Altitude results in a increased/decreased Rate Of Climb and a increased/decreased Climb Angle.
Decreased - decreased
How will the power required vary with constant IAS for increasing density altitude for a propeller aeroplane in the climb?
Increase
Where does the power required curve move at a higher altitude?
Up the tangent
In which following document can it be found that a factor of 1.05% is applied to the take-off distance if the runway has an upslope of 1%?
Aircraft flight manual
Screen height is the height at the end of the TODR and the height at the beginning of the what?
LDR
Where does the CoG have to be located for an increase in climb performance?
Aft
When to use the formula “9 x square root of the tyre pressure in PSI”?
Dynamic aqua planning speed
How many NM in 1 MPH?
0.869
With regard to a jet aeroplane, specific range is the…
NAM per unit mass of fuel
An aeroplane executes a steady glide at the speed for minimum glide angle. If the forward speed is kept constant, what is the effect of a lower mass? Rate of descent / Glide angle / CL/CD ratio…
Increase/ increase / decrease
Compare the take-off performance for the same aircraft with the same mass at airport A (elevation 10 feet AMSL) with take-off performance at airport B (elevation 5 330 feet AMSL). Assume the same temperature at both airports. At airport B, the take-off distance will be (1) _____ and the climb gradient will be (2) _____.
Longer - reduced
Which speed represents the maximum endurance speed for a propeller driven aeroplane?
Vmp
On a dry runway the accelerate stop distance is increased by an uphill/downhill slope.
Uphill
Which direction does the force drag curve move when density altitude is increased?
To the right
Unless otherwise specified in the AFM, for a Performance Class B aeroplane landing on a dry, short-grass runway, what factor must be applied to the landing distance?
1.15
Consider a fixed-pitch propeller aeroplane at take-off. When the aeroplane accelerates during the take-off run phase, the blade angle of attack will (1) _____ and the thrust produced by the propeller will (2) _____.
Decrease - decrease
On a reciprocating engine aeroplane, with increasing altitude at constant gross mass, angle of attack and configuration, the TAS:
Increases
The lowest point of the thrust required curve of a jet aeroplane is the point for:
Minimum drag
For a jet what is VMD?
Maximum endurance speed.
What is VMD for a prop?
Maximum range.
Whats 1.32 VMD for a jet?
Best range
With regard to the effect of altitude on the speed for maximum endurance for a propeller-driven aeroplane, as altitude increases, the speed for maximum endurance will… increase because BLANK will increase.
Power required
The Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC) for a propeller engine is…
Fuel flow per unit of power
Delays are expected at the arrival aerodrome at which a jet transport aeroplane plans to land. By managing the en-route airspeed, the pilot can increase the flight endurance by flying at…
Vmd
SR increases/decreases slowly with altitude up to full throttle height in a propeller aircraft.
Increases
For a jet aeroplane, the speed for maximum range is… drag vs tas
Tangent
How does the maximum specific range over the Ground (SRG) for a propeller driven aeroplane vary with altitude?
It increases until the increase in the Tas/ground speed is offset by the increase in power required.
Gspd
What is the maximum endurance speed for a turbojet?
Lowest point of drag curve
At what vmd is maximum endurance for a jet aircraft?
vmd
What Vmd is minimum drag for a jet aircraft?
1.23
The speed to obtain the maximum Specific Range (SR) of a turbojet aeroplane is…
1.32 vmd
To maximise the specific range of an aeroplane:
Tas must be BLANK and fuel flow must be BLANK
High - low
Consider the curve for the thrust required versus speed, for a jet aeroplane. What speed can be obtained from the minimum of this curve? The speed for:
Max endurance
For a jet transport aeroplane, which of the following is the reason for the use of ‘maximum range speed’?
Minimum SFC
The optimum airspeed to achieve the maximum Specific Range (SR) in a propeller aircraft is the minimum…
VMD
Maximum endurance for a turboprop aircraft with a 10 kt headwind is achieved at (1)_____
VMP
An air traffic controller clears an aeroplane to climb to FL250 with a minimum required vertical speed of 1500 fpm. The pilot is maintaining a constant CAS of 288 kt, which gives a vertical speed of 1700 fpm whilst climbing through FL100. If the pilot maintains the current settings, what will happen to the vertical speed as the altitude increases?
Decrease
During the climb, the maximum BLANK is achieved when flying with the minimum thrust required.
Angle
Complete the following statement, the best climb performance is obtained with a (1) _____ outside air temperature and a (2) _____ pressure altitude.
Low low
A pilot is cleared to perform a Continuous Descent Arrival (CDA) into an airport. He/she has calculated the descent profile and started the descent. During the descent, he/she notices that the headwind is stronger than calculated. In order to remain on the descent profile, he/she expects (1) _____ in groundspeed and therefore plans to (2) _____ his/her rate of descent.
Decrease - decrease
An aeroplane is flying westwards over the middle of the Alps when it suffers an engine failure. The operator has defined two possible escape routes from the area, both of equal distance and terrain profile. In order to maximise terrain clearance, which escape route should the pilot take, and what speed should they descend at?
- Escape route North, with a tailwind.
- Escape route South, with a headwind.
- Descend at high speed (close to VMO, maximum operating limit speed).
- Descend at low speed (close to VMD, minimum drag speed).
Tail wind
Low speed
What happens to the minimum angle of decent as speed increases?
Remains the same
(Only mass changes speed)
What speed will be limiting with a descent at constant mach?
VMO
For a single engine piston, what must the speed be at 50ft in relation to VS1?
1.2
How do you calculate landing distance extra with a slope?
X 5%
For a multi-engine aircraft in Performance Class B the minimum gross gradient of climb after a balked landing is:
2.5%
For a multi-engine Class B aircraft, all engines operating, the take-off flight path is equal to the gross gradient of the actual flight path multiplied by what?
0.77
For class A aircraft what is the minimum obstacle clearance?
35ft
For class B aircraft what is the minimum obstacle clearance?
50ft
When no stop way or clearway is available the take-off distance when multiplied by XXX must not exceed TORA.
1.25
When a stopway and/or clearway is available the take-off distance must:
I. not exceed TORA
II. when multiplied by XXX, not exceed ASDA
III. when multiplied by XXX, not exceed TODA
II. 1.3
III . 1.15
On dry grass, what factor is increased?
1.2
On wet grass, what factor is increased?
1.3
How does a high-altitude runway affect the V1?
Decreases
How do you make a gross gradient net?
Add 0.5%
For a piston aircraft where would you find speed for best rate of climb?
somewhere between VMP and VMD.
Regarding the take-off path, the second segment reference speed is what?
V2
For a take-off on a runway contaminated by slush or loose snow the displacement and impingement drag will have a (1) _____ effect on acceleration during the take-off and a (2) _____effect on the deceleration during a rejected take-off.
Negative - positive
In accordance with CS-25, what speeds are used for the determination of V2MIN?
VS 2r, VSMCA
Required net climb gradients in the 1st segment for 3-engine aircraft with one engine out are:
0.3%
On a contaminated runway, reduced/derated take-off thrust is used to reduce the value of VMCG.
Derated
Using a V1 of 150 kt compared to 142 kt will increase/reduce the take-off distance and leave the climb performance unchanged.
Reduce
In a class A aircraft, what what your obsticle clearence change from and to when completing a 15 degree bank turn?
35 to 50ft
The climb-gradient requirement in…
- each take-off climb segment is a flight path climb gradient,
- the second segment of a four-engined aeroplane is higher than that of a two-engined aeroplane,
- the first segment is based on all engines operating,
- the first segment is lower than that of the second segment,
- the second segment assumes flaps and slats retracted,
- the final segment is achieved with maximum continuous thrust.
2
4
6
Assuming an engine failure during take-off. An increase of V1 will (1) _____ TOM limited by TODA and will (2) _____ TOM limited by ASDA.
Increase - decrease
Which of the following configuration characteristics of a Performance Class A turbojet aeroplane are correct, when describing the second segment of the net take-off flight path ?
- Landing gears are retracted.
- Maximum continuous thrust is applied on the remaining engine(s).
- Flaps and slats are extended.
- The speed for this segment is the best lift-to-drag ratio speed.
1-3
At high density altitudes and high weight, V2MIN is often limited by the
Vsr - stall reference speed
In the OPS regulations, a runway is referred to as contaminated when more than 25 % of the required runway surface is covered with the one of the following elements:
- a water film sufficiently thick to give a shiny appearance to the runway.
- a water film or loose or slushy snow equivalent to more than 3 mm of water.
- compacted snow (a solid mass which may not be compacted further).
- ice, including wet ice.
- moist grass.
The combination regrouping all the correct statements is:
2
3
4
Field length is balanced when one engine inoperative take-off distance equals what
one engine inoperative take-off distance equals one engine inoperative accelerate stop distance.
TODA = TORA + CLEARWAY OR
TORA + 0.5 TORA
A FLAT RATED jet engine will give a constant thrust for temperatures above/below a cut-off value
Below
During take-off, the time between critical engine failure and V1 (recognition time) is assumed to be approximately:
2 seconds
When V1 has to be reduced because of a wet runway the one engine out obstacle clearance - climb performance:
Decreases / remains constant
What does APU on do to take-off performance?
Increases it
In derated or reduced is TOGA available?
Reduced
Requirements for the third segment of climb are level acceleration with available min. climb gradient of
1.2%
On a twin engine aeroplane, if an engine failure occurs above the OEI ceiling, the least rate of sink is obtain by flying the aircraft at the best single engine rate/angle of climb speed.
Angle
A multi-engine piston aircraft is in a constant-speed descent from 2000 feet. If the descent was started at VMC, at a lower altitude, the aircraft may become (1) controllable/uncontrollable due to the (2) increase/decrease in VMC with decreasing pressure altitude.
Uncontrollable - increase
Why are step climbs used?
To improve what?
Range
Consider a large Commercial Air Transport turbojet aeroplane, when comparing the long-range speed to the maximum-range speed, the long-range speed corresponds to a higher what?
Cost index.
To meet the All Engines Operating landing requirements, an aircraft (Class A) must achieve a climb gradient of (1)_____, with the engines at the power or thrust that is available (2)_____ seconds after initiation of movement of the power or thrust controls from the minimum flight idle to the go-around power or thrust setting.
3.2% 8 seconds
You suffer a decompression at FL370 at what speed should you decent to your MSA?
MMO
What advantages can an aerodrome or an operator gain from implementing a Continuous Descent Final Approach (CDFA)?
- Glide path can be increased from 3 degrees to 5 degrees
- Reduced engine emissions
- Reduced airframe noise
- Reduce noise footprint
- Mandated speed increase
- Reduced fuel consumption
Choose 4
1 - 2 - 4 - 6
Which of the following statements are correct with regards to the approach climb, in accordance with “CS 25.121 Climb: One-engine-inoperative”?
- Up to 2 or 3 degrees of bank angle towards the operating engine may be used.
- The airspeed may not be less than 1.5 VSR.
- The minimum climb gradient is 2.4% for four-engine aircraft.
- The minimum gradient is 2.1% for two-engine aircraft.
- The airspeed may not be greater than 1.4 VSR.
- The bank angle is limited to 5 degrees towards the operating engine.
Choose 3
1.4.5
Assume a normal approach and landing with a class A aeroplane. Which of the following values shows the corresponding screen height?
50ft
To meet the balked landing requirements an aircraft (Class A) must achieve a climb gradient of:
3.2%
Which cruise system gives minimum fuel consumption during cruise between top of climb and top of descent? (still air, no turbulence?
Maximum range
Compared with proper use of fully manual braking, the use of autobrake (1) _____ landing distance
Increases
A descent with a constant speed of Mach 0.78 will result in (1) _____ IAS and (2) _____ rate of descent.
Increasing - increasing
For which hydroplaning speed do you use a factor of 9?
Dynamic
