ExamQuestions Flashcards
Initial steps in substance abuse treatment include which of the following?
A. Helping the client develop an awareness of the problem, increasing motivation to change, and addressing barriers to quitting
B. Helping the client develop acceptance, addressing barriers to quitting, and resolving ambivalence
C. A multimodal approach of motivational interviewing, CBT, and family interventions
D. Psychoeducation, increasing motivation to change, and family interventions
A. The treatment of substance use disorders typically involves a multimodal approach. Note that this question is asking specifically about the initial steps of treatment. The first steps of substance use treatment typically include helping the client develop awareness of the problem, increasing motivation to change, and addressing barriers to quitting.
For a diagnosis of ADHD, the DSM-5 requires:
A. a minimum of six symptoms for at least six months
B. A minimum of eight symptoms for at least four months
C. A minimum of six symptoms for at least four months
D. A minimum of eight symptoms for at least six months
A. You may encounter a few questons regarding the number and duration of symptoms for vaious disorders. A diagnosis of ADHD requires at least six symptoms of inattention and/or six symptoms of hyperactivity/impulsivity for at least six months, resulting in impairment in at least two settings.
Following the death of her pet cat, six-year-old Jane constantly follows and clings to her mother and becomes extremely upset whenever her mother leaves the house. Jane says she cannot go to school because she has a stomachache or other physical ailment. The most likely diagnosis for Jane is:
A. adjustment disorder
B. Reactive Attachment Disorder
C. Separation Anxiety Disorder
D. Acute Stress Disorder
C. The girl’s core symptom is anixety related to separation. The girl’s anxiety is tied to separation from an attachment figure (her mother) which is the primary characteristic of Separation Anxiety Disorder. This disorder is often triggered by a stressor, such as the death of a relative or pet, and may be manifested as somatic symptoms and school phobia
Researach on characteristics associated with successful smoking cessation suggests that which of the following individuals is most likely to relapse following an attempt to stop smoking cigarettes?
A. A 51-year-old married man who started smoking at age 32
B. A. 25-year-old single man who started smoking at age 16
C. A 34-year-old married woman who started smoking at age 25
D. A 42-year-old divorced woman who started smoking at age 20
B. Researchers have identified several factors that predict successful smoking cessation. Those who are successful with quitting are more likely to be male, age 35 or older, married or living with a partner, and have started smoking at a later age. Therefore, of the individuals described in the answers to this question, a 25-year-old man who is single and started smoking at age 16 is most likely to relapse.
The best conclusion about the etiology of Major Depressive Disorder is that:
A. genetic factors play a more substantial role than environmental factors, with a dominant gene being the most likely causal agent
B. genetic factors play a more substantial role than environmental factors with a recessive gene being the most likely causal agent
C. genetic farors play a substantial role in only a small number of cases of the disorder
D. genetic and environmental facrtors play a substantial role in the development of the disorder
D. researchers have inferred a genetic contribution to major depressive disorder based on family, twin, and adoption studies. Correlational findings have shown that the heritability of this disorder is likely in the range of 31-42%.
The assessment of patients with Alzheimer’s disease is an ongoing process due to its degenerative nature and the consequent need to alter the treatment plan. During the fourth or fifth year of the disease, an assessment is most likely to reveal:
A. mild to moderate impairment in remote memory, anomia, irritability, and sadness
B. impairments in recent and remote memory, delusions, fluent aphasia, and restlessness.
C. severe impairments in intellectual functioning, apathy, confusion, and limb rigidity.
D. severely deteriorated intellectual functioning, incontinence, and seizures.
B. Alzheimer’s disease is a degenerative disease with symptoms that become progressively worse over time. The symptoms described in this response are characteristic during the 2nd through 10th years
recent research has demonstrated that single-session Psychological Debriefing (PD):
select one:
A. is as effective as, or in some cases more effective than, multiple-session PD for preventing PTSD
B. is as effective as multiple-session PD for preventing PTSD only when the session is sufficiently long to elicit a cathartic reaction
C. is effective for preventing PTSD only when it is administered within 24 hours following exposure to the traumatic event
D. is not effective for preventing PTSD and may actually exacerbate PTSD symptoms
D. Although single-session psychological debriefing (PD) is utilized as prevention for PTSD, recent empirical research has not been supportive of it’s use. For example, Litz and colleagues concluded from their review of the research that there is sufficient empirical evidence to indicate that PD should not be provided to individuals immediately after a trauma. The studies they reviewed demonstrated that one-session PD is not effective and in some cases, actually increases the likelihood of PTSD symptoms.
Studies on effective treatments for Bulimia Nervosa have found that:
Select one:
A. cognitive behavioral therapy alone and treatment with an SSRI alone are about equally effective, but in most cases, combining the two treatments does not improve outcomes.
B. Cognitive behavioral therapy alone and treatment with an SSRI alone are about equally effective, and in many cases, combining the two treatments improve outcomes.
C. treatment with an SSRI alone is superior to cognitive behavioral therapy alone, but for some patients, combining the two treatments improve outcomes.
D. Cognitive behavior therapy alone is superior to treatment with an SSRI alone, but for some patients, combining the two treatments improves outcomes.
D. of the treatments for Bulimia Nervosa, CBRT has been most extensively studied and consistently found to be an effective approach
The mother of a 35-year-old man says that for the past five weeks he has been acting very uncharacteristically. He seems perplexed and nervous much of the time, his tone of voice varies between flat and shrill, and his speech is sometimes like words salad. The mother says that sometimes it seems like she’s listening to voices or sounds that she cannot hear. Based on this information the most likely diagnosis is:
Select one: A schizophrenia B. schizoid personality disorder C. Schizoaffective disorder D. Schizophreniform disorder
D. As noted in the absennormal psychology chapter of the written study materials, schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders sure several characteristics. However, one distinguishing feature is the duration of symptoms. Symptoms of schizophreniform disorder are similar to those associated with schizophrenia but have a duration of fewer than six months.
Ideas and five diagnosis of acute stress disorder requires a duration of symptoms of:
Select one:
A. Two days to four weeks with an answered immediately after exposure to the trauma
B. Three days to one month with an onset within four weeks after exposure to the trauma
C. Two days to two months
D. Three days to one month
Deep for a diagnosis of acute stress disorder the DSM five requires that symptoms have a duration of three days to one month it notes that sent them typically begin immediately after exposure to the trauma but do not require that they do so.
A clinician notices that are client age 28 experiences freelan periods in which she is very irritable sensitive anxious and self-defecating between these occurrences however the client seems to be fairly well adjusted and even tempered when the clinician asked to client about these mood changes the client says she has always felt very moody the week before it mister. The client symptoms are most suggested of which of the following the DSM 5 disorders? A. Dysmenorrhea B. Cyclothymic disorder C. Premenstrual syndrome D. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
D. More information would be needed to assign a diagnosis of premenstrual dysphoric syndrome however of the diagnoses listed in the answers this one is most consistent with the information provided in the question dysmenorrhea as a medical condition that is characterized by physical pain during menstruation all the clients symptoms are cyclical they do not me diagnostic criteria for cyclothymic disorder which involves alternating periods of hypo manic and depressive symptoms premenstrual syndrome is not a DSM five diagnosis
During your initial session with John Be John says his wife has insisted that he get some help with his sleep problems John’s wife Kaitlyn states she is awakened by his frightening screams at least once a week she indicates that this usually occurs a few hours after they go to sleep and that this has negatively affected her mood and the relationship Jonathan has a history of trauma or substance-abuse and says the results of his recent physical are good Kaitlyn tells you there has been sometimes wakes up when he screams and seems agitated but usually goes right back to sleep and does not respond to her attempts to call him furthermore she shares that in the morning he does not remember the episode notice the recall having any dreams John symptoms are most suggested of which of the following DSM five diagnosis?
A. Nightmare disorder
B. Sleep terror disorder
C. Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder
D. Nonrapid eye movement sleep arousal disorder
D. A person diagnosed with non rabbit I movement sleep arousal disorder sleep terror type experiences as tear episodes that are usually accompanyd by a panic extreme the person shows signs of autonomic arousal usually does not fully awaken his unresponsive to the efforts of others to comfort him really remembers any dreams that he may have had and has amnesia for the episode upon waking in the morning
Which of the following is not characterized as an anxiety disorder in the DSM five? A obsessive composer disorder B separation anxiety disorder C Panic disorder D Agoraphobia
A. Recessive compulsive disorder is included in the DSM five with obsessive compulsive and other related disorders which also includes body dysmorphic disorder, hoarding disorder, trichotillomania, and excoriation disorder. the following diagnoses are characterized as anxiety disorders in the DSM five separation anxiety disorder, selective mutism, specific phobia, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, agoraphobia, and generalized anxiety disorder.
A DSM five diagnosis of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder requires an onset of symptoms prior to —- years of age
A. 6
B. 10
C. 16
D. 21
B. Diagnosis of disruptive mood to triulation disorder cannot be assigned for the first time before the end of visual is six years of age or after here she is 18 years of age any age of onset must be before age 10.
A 31-year-old male presents with delusions in auditory hallucinations his wife says it has symptoms to look soon after the sudden death of his mother nearly 3 weeks ago the tentative diagnosis is:
A. Schizophrenia
B. Schizophreniform disorder
C. Brief psychotic disorder
D. Schizoaffective disorder
C. Today necessary of re-psychotic disorder requires the presence of one or more of four symptoms with at least one symptom being delusions hallucinations or disorganized speech and with symptoms being present for at least one day but less than one month symptoms often develop after exposure to an overwhelming stressor but this is not required for the diagnosis.
