Examprep Renal System Flashcards
What is a potential complication of dialysis?
Atheroma
What is the main acid-base disturbance during renal compensation for a respiratory acidosis?
Plasma bicarbonate normal
Which aquaporin isoform (AQP) is inserted into the apical membrane of kidney collecting duct cells as a result of vasopressin release?
AQP2
What is the name of the condition that is a result of intermittent catecholamine production?
Phaeochromocytoma
In the kidney, the production of filtrate across the glomerular filtration barrier depends on the balance of pressures. What force is the weakest?
Oncotic pressure of the tubule
In the thick ascending loop of henle, the movement of which ion is responsible for generating a positive potential difference that drives the movement of ions via the paracellular route?
K+
Which hormone regulates some reabsorption in the DCT?
Parathyroid hormone
What antibiotic is most commonly used to treat lower urinary tract infections?
Trimethoprim
Which physiological parameter is the best marker of kidney function?
Glomerular filtration rate
What condition often occurs following a Streptococcus infection and manifests as nephritis syndrome?
Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis
A 13 year old girl is diagnosed with chronic renal failure as a result of cystic disease. What type of renal cystic disease is she most likely suffering from?
Uraemic medullary cystic disease
The renal arteries branch from the abdominal aorta at L1/2 vertebral level. The interlobular arteries are direct branches of which larger vessels?
Arcuate arteries
A 60 year old man presents with diarrhoea & vomiting & has been prescribed diuretics for the past 10yrs in order to maintain his high blood pressure. What is the most likely electrolyte disturbance?
Low potassium
