Examples Flashcards
What is parasitology?
The science that deals with organisms that depend on other living organisms for shelter and nourishment.
What is medical parasitology?
The study and medical implications of parasites that infect humans.
Define helmintology.
The study of helminths or worms.
What does protozoology study?
It studies protozoa, which are unicellular organisms.
What is entomology?
The science that deals with arthropods.
What is medical entomology?
The branch of entomology which deals with arthropods that affect the health and well-being of humans and vertebrate animals.
Define a parasite.
A living organism that acquires some of its basic nutritional requirements through its intimate contact with another living organism.
What are the two main classifications of parasites based on cellular structure?
- Protozoa (unicellular)
- Metazoa (multicellular)
What is a host?
The organism in, or on, which the parasite lives and causes harm.
Define definitive host.
The organism in which the adult or sexually mature stage of the parasite lives.
What is an intermediate host?
The organism in which the parasite lives during a period of its development only.
What does zoonosis mean?
A disease of an animal which infects humans.
What is a vector in parasitology?
A living carrier (e.g., an arthropod) that transports a pathogenic organism from an infected to a non-infected host.
What are the two sub-kingdoms of parasites?
- Protozoa
- Metazoa
What are the two phyla that parasitic helminths belong to?
- Nematoda (roundworms)
- Platyhelminthes (flatworms)
Classify protozoa based on locomotion.
- Amoebae - pseudopodia
- Flagellates - flagella
- Ciliates - cilia
- Sporozoa - absence of locomotion
What are the two classes of Platyhelminthes?
- Trematoda (flukes)
- Cestoda (tapeworms)
What are ectoparasites?
Parasites that live on the external surface of another living organism.
Define endoparasite.
A parasite that lives within another living organism.
What is the genus of the pathogenic amoeba Entamoeba histolytica?
Entamoeba
What is the main disease caused by Plasmodium?
Malaria
Fill in the blank: A _______ is a parasite that lives on the external surface of another living organism.
ectoparasite
True or False: All parasitic organisms are prokaryotes.
False
What are the four types of protozoa based on pathogenicity?
- Pathogenic
- Non-pathogenic (commensals)
- Opportunistic
What are the two anatomical habitats for parasites?
- Ectoparasite
- Endoparasite
What are the main classes of nematodes?
- Ascaris
- Trichuris
- Ancylostoma
- Enterobius
What is an example of a tissue helminth?
Trichinella spiralis
Name a blood and tissue flagellate.
Leishmania
What is a common example of a cestode?
Taenia
What is the unique feature of trematodes?
They are usually leaf-shaped with two suckers.
True or False: All helminths have a body cavity.
False
Fill in the blank: The _______ is a living carrier that transports a pathogenic organism.
vector
What are the types of arthropods mentioned?
- Diplopoda
- Chilopoda
- Crustacea
- Arachnida
- Insecta
What are the two sub-classes of Platyhelminthes?
- Trematoda
- Cestoda
Name a genus of flagellate protozoa.
Giardia
What is the significance of the female Anopheles mosquito?
It transmits malaria.
What is the taxonomic classification hierarchy for protozoa?
Sub kingdom, Phylum, Sub-phylum, Genus, Species.
What is the role of microsporidia?
They are spore-forming protozoa.
Fill in the blank: A _______ is a disease of an animal which infects humans.
zoonosis
What is the primary difference between nematodes and platyhelminthes?
Nematodes are roundworms, while platyhelminthes are flatworms.
