Example MCQ's Flashcards
In SPSS what option can be used to show data frequency and distribution?
Histogram
What are the functions of the Data View interface in SPSS?
To calculate and analyse data and display results with graphs
Is the median exactly the same as the mean in normal distribution?
No (never say exactly in statistics)
The median is almost the same as the mean
What can be shown using an error bar in SPSS?
Mean and Mean +/- 2 SEM
If 2 sets of samples have different means are their global means significantly different?
Don’t know
Need to do test of hypothesis
When would 2 sets of data be considered as significantly different?
If p < 0.05 and p <0.01
If patients are measure pre and post op which statistical method can be used to compare their means?
Paired sample t-test
What is the difference between paired and independent t-tests?
Paired - suitable for comparing two sets of data from the same group of subjects
Independent - suitable for comparing two sets of data from different subjects
What effect does increasing the number of samples and SD have on the SEM?
As SD increases SEM increases
As n increases SEM decreases
What does ANOVA stand for?
Analysis of Variance
When estimating the mean in a range of 95% confidence interval what are the approximately upper and lower bounds of the expected mean?
Mean +/- 2 SEM
When should users apply Post Hoc test?
After an ANOVA
How do you apply linear regression to non-linear situations?
Replace the non-linear variable with a linear one
What principle is applied in Chi square analysis when theoretically expected vales are used to compare practical data?
All items occur at the same probability
For what data would you use non-parametric test methods?
Data is ordinal and rank
For non-parametric tests what information from data can be used to assess differences between sample groups?
Sign and rank
If two variables have linear correlation what would be the expected p value?
p <0.05 or p<0.01
In a linear regression equation what coefficient will be calculated or estimated?
The coefficient in front of a variable and a constant
In linear regression what is the best quality result in terms of correlation?
Closer to 1 or -1 = stronger correlation
In what situation is the null hypothesis accepted?
p >0.05
In normal distribution how much data is roughly included in the ranges of mean +/- 1, 2 and 3 SD?
Mean +/- 1 SD = 68%
Mean +/- 2 SD = 95%
Mean +/- 3 SD = 99%
What formats can be inputted into SPSS?
Text
Excel
Direct Input
What are the requirements for using t-test?
Numerical data
Normal distribution
Small sample size
Under what condition are 2 sets of data said to be significantly different?
p <0.05 or *
What is required for meta analysis to work?
Collect data from multiple sources but with same format
What is required for applying survival analysis in practice?
The data used usually covers a long time period with a large sample size for each year
If a bell curve is drawn of data and the answer lies in the main middle bit what is the p value and are they significantly different?
p > 0.05
They are significantly different
