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Neuroscience Module 2 > Examination Of The Motor System (handout based) > Flashcards

Examination Of The Motor System (handout based) Flashcards

0
Q

steadiness and verticality of the standing posture

A

Station

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1
Q

Initial inspection of Body Contours, Posture and Gait

A
  • Motor examination begins the moment the patient walks into your clinic
  • Have the patient undress
  • Determine the patient’s gestalt, somatotype or body build
  • Inspect the size and contour of muscles
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2
Q

Walking is also known as

A

Gait

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3
Q

muscles are strongest when tested from the shortest position

A

Length - strength principle

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4
Q

muscles which support the standing posture against collapse by pull of gravity

A

Anti - gravity muscle principle

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5
Q

Grading of strength testing

A

0 - No contraction
1 - A flicker or trace of contraction
2 - Active movement with gravity eliminated
3 - Active movement against gravity
4 - Active movement againstgravity and moderate resistance
5 - Normal power

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6
Q

Muscular resistance apart from gravity or joint disease the examiner feels when manipulating a patient’s resting joint

A

Muscle Tone

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7
Q

Muscle tone is due to:

A
  • Elasticity of the muscle

* Number and rate of motor discharges

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8
Q

Initial catch or resistance and then a yielding when the examiner manipulates the patient’s resting extremity

A

Spasticity

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9
Q

Increased muscular resistance felt throughout the entire range of movement when the examiner slowly manipulates a patient’s resting joint

A

Rigidity

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10
Q

Resistance equal in degree and range that the patient presents to the examiner as he tries to move a part in any direction

A

Paratonia

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11
Q

Decreased resistance

A

Flaccidity

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12
Q

Increased range of motion of the joint movement (i.e hyperextensible knees or flaccid heel cords)

A

Flaccidity

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13
Q

Grading of MSR (muscle stretch reflex)

A

0 - Areflexia
1 - Hyporeflexia
2 and 3 - Normal
4 and 4+ - Hypereflexia

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14
Q

Superficial (plantar) Reflexes: Move an object along the lateral side of the foot

A

chaddock

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15
Q

Superficial (plantar) Reflexes: Squeeze hard on the Achilles tendon

A

Schaeffer

16
Q

Superficial (plantar) Reflexes: Press your knuckles on the patient’s shin and move them down

A

Oppenheim

17
Q

Superficial (plantar) Reflexes: Squeeze the calf muscles momentarily

A

Gordon

18
Q

Superficial (plantar) Reflexes: Make multiple light pinpricks on the dorsolateral surface of the foot

A

Bing

19
Q

Superficial (plantar) Reflexes: Pull on the 4thtoe outward and downward for a brief time and release suddenly

A

Gonda, Stransky

20
Q

Paralyzes movements in hemiplegic, quadriplegic distribution, not individual muscles

A

UMN Lesion

21
Q

Atrophy of disuse

A

UMN Lesion

22
Q

Hyperactive MSRs; (+)Clonus, Clasp-knife spasticity; (+) Extensor Toe Sign

A

UMN Lesion

23
Q

Paralyzes individual muscles or sets of muscles in root or peripheral nerve distribution

A

LMN Lesion

24
Q

Atrophy of denervation

A

LMN Lesion

25
Q

Hypoactive MSRs; Hypotonia; (+) Fasciculationsand Fibrillations

A

LMN Lesion

26
Q

Are sensorimotor functions that are lost after a neurologic lesion (i.e. loss of movement, loss of vision)

A

Deficit phenomenon

27
Q

Are sensorimotor functions that become increased or first emerge after a neurologic lesion (i.e. hyperactive MSRs, Babinski sign); The lesion has interrupted inhibitory connections

A

Release phenomenon

28
Q

rhythmic oscillations of a body part

A

Tremor

29
Q

incessant, random, quick movement

A

Chorea

30
Q

slow, writhing movement of fingers and extremities

A

Athetosis

31
Q

prolonged slow, alternating contraction and relaxation of agonist and antagonist muscles

A

Dystonia

32
Q

violent flinging movements of one half of the body

A

Hemiballismus

33
Q

quick, lightning-fast movements of face and upper extremties

A

Ticks

Neuroscience Module 2 (3 decks)

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