Examination and BSE of the female

Question 1

6 reasons to examine female repro system

Answer 1

Document normality (BSE)
Estimation of breeding time
Confirm of pregnancy
Detect abnormality (cause of infertility)
Management of parturition

Question 2

Importance of clinical history for examination of female

Answer 2

History taking should be relevant and specific to the species, age and presentation of the clinical problem
Climate / nutrition / stress / teratogens may be implicated in reproductive disease in some species. The owner may not be aware of the impact/status of these parameters

Question 3

What must be considered before breaching the cervix in an examination

Answer 3

Is the animal pregnant

Question 4

7 ways to examine the uterus

Answer 4

Trans-rectal palpation
Trans-abdominal palpation
Radiographic examination (small animals)
Ultrasonographic examination
Uterine cytology / microbiology
Endoscopic examination
Uterine biopsy