Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

2 - Cardiovascular Medicine > Examination > Flashcards

Examination Flashcards

1
Q

Position of bed

A

45°

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

General inspection of patients

A

Chest wall deformities - Pectus excavatum
sternotomy scar
Lateral thoratocomy scar
Visible pulsation
Prominent venous collaterals
Anemia
Cyanosis
Pyrexia
Pedal edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Median sternotomy scar Indicates

A

Previous coronary artery bypass graft
Cardiac bypass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Lateral thoracotomy scar indicates

A

Previous mitral valvotomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hands exam

A

Clubbing
Cyanosis
Pallor
Splinter hemorrhages
Oslers nodes
Leukonychia
Pulse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Only cardiac cause of clubbing

A

Infective endocarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Signs of infective endocarditis

A

Vasculitic rash
Splinter hemorrhages
Oslers nodes
Janeway lesions
Roths spots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Evaluation of pulse includes

A

Rate
Rythm
Character
symmetry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Character of radial pulse

A

Volume
Waveform

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When is pulse volume low

A

In heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When is pulse volume high

A

In aortic regurgitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When is pulse waveform slow rising

A

Aortic stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In which case is there a pulse waveform rapidly rising which then collapse in early diastole

A

In aortic regurgitation due to high volume in LV (normal pulmonary venous return + blood back flow ) being ejected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When do you have collapsing pulse

A

In aortic regurgitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When do you have alternating pulse high and low systolic

A

Severe left ventricular failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In inspiration , blood venous return increases or decreases

A

Increaes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Pulses to feel in cardiac exam

A

Radial brachial
Carotid
Femoral
Popliteal
Pedal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Normal upper limit of JVP

A

4 cm

19
Q

Kussmauls sign

A

Paradoxical increase in JVP during inspiration in constrictive pericarditis and tamponade due to inability to accommodate venous return

20
Q

Type of waveform in JVP

A

Double waveform

21
Q

Causes of elevated JVP

A

Congestive heart failure
Cor pulmonale
Pulmonary embolism
RV infarction
Tricuspid valve dx
Tamponade
Constrictive pericarditis
Hypertrophic/restrictive cardiomyopathy
SVCO
Iatrogenic fluid overload

22
Q

What is apex beat

A

Lowest most lateral point at which impulse can be palpated

23
Q

Characteristics of JVP

A

Double waveform
Varies with respiration
Varies with posture
Non palpable
Obliterated by pressure
Hepatojugular reflux

24
Q

Normal location of apex beat

A

Fifth intercostal
Midclavicular line

25
Q

When can you have ventricular dilatation

A

In mitral or aortic regurgitation

26
Q

When do you have left ventricular hypertrophy

A

Hypertension
Aortic stenosis

27
Q

Can LV hypertrophy lead to displacement of apex beat

A

No

28
Q

In which case is there an apical double thrust

A

Palpable 3rd and 4th sounds

29
Q

Where can you palpate LV aneurysm

A

Medial to cardiac apex

30
Q

What do you feel in right ventricular enlargement

A

Systolic heave in left parasternal

31
Q

What is a thrill

A

Turbulent flow leading to palpable vibrations

32
Q

When do you feel thrills

A

Aortic stenosis
VSD
Patent ductus arteriosus

33
Q

What is first heart sound

A

Mitral and tricuspid valves closure

34
Q

What is Second heart sound

A

Aortic and pulmonary valve closure

35
Q

What sound is characteristics to 3rd and 4th sound

A

Gallop sound to cardiac rythm

36
Q

When is S3 normal

A

Children and young adults

High output states - anemia, pregnancy, thyrotoxicosis

37
Q

What disease does S3 indicate

A

LV failure
Mitral regurgitation
Constrictive pericarditis

38
Q

What causes S4

A

Hypertension
Aortic stenosis
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

39
Q

When can you hear early systole clicking due to valve opening being loud

A

Aortic stenosis when pliant and on calcified

40
Q

When can you hear later systole clicking due to valve opening being loud

A

Mitral valve prolapse

41
Q

When can you hear early diastole clicking due to valve opening being loud

A

Mitral stenosis

42
Q

Grading of loudness of murmurs

A

1 -6
1 is barely audible
6 is audible even without stethoscope application

43
Q

Quality of murmur

A

Low
Medium
High pitched

2 - Cardiovascular Medicine (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions