Exam3.Ch 7-9 Flashcards
Which of the following conditions is known to lead to formation of mineral deposits in the blood vessels and kidney?
Excessive intake of vitamin D
Which of the following is responsible for transporting vitamin A (ie from the liver to other tissues)?
Retinol-binding protein
Functions of vitamin A include all of the following except…
energy, growth, or vision
Which of the following can the body use to synthesize vitamin D?
Exposure to sunlight
The organs involved in the hydroxylation of vitamin D include all of the following except
instestine
Which of the following features do vitamins C and E share?
Both function as antioxidants.
Research has shown that the risk for neural tube defects is lowered by taking supplements of
folate
Which of the following symptoms would indicate a vitamin D deficiency?
bowed legs
What method is used to measure the amount of heat given off by the body?
Direct calorimetry
What is the primary excretory route for the water-soluble vitamins?
kidney
The feeling of satisfaction resulting from consumption of a meal is termed
satiety
Beriberi results from a deficiency of
thaimin (B1)
What is the main explanation for the difference in basal metabolic rates between males and females of the same body weight?
Males have a higher percentage of lean body mass.
The Wernicke-Korsakoffsyndrome, which is often observed in poorly nourished alcohol abusers, is known to respond to supplements of
thiamin (Vit B1).
Pellegra is known to cause abnormalities of all of the following organs/systems except (hint: the 4 Ds)
skeletal
Which of the following substances is converted to vitamin A in the body?
Beta-carotene
What is the approximate calories in one pound of fat?
3500 kcal
An index of a person’s weight in relation to height is called
body mass index.
As far as is known, vitamin A does not play an important role in which of the following processes?
blood clotting
Which of the following is a type of neural tube defect?
spina bifida
Which of the following is a property of the fat-soluble vitamins?
Deficiency symptoms may take years to develop on a poor diet
Which of the following describes a patient who goes through gastric bypass?
Both food intake and absorption are affecte
Ariboflavinosis is due to
Riboflavin deficiency
What is the major energy carrier molecule in most cells?
ATP
What is/are the main function(s) of vitamin D?
Promotes calcium and phosphorus absorption and promotes calcium mobilization from bone
The thermic effect of foods is highest for what nutrient?
protein
What is meant by the bioavailability of a vitamin in food?
The amount absorbed and subsequently used by the body
What is the major factor that determines metabolic rate?
Amount of lean body tissue
In what region of the body is the storage of excess body fat associated with highest risks for cardiovascular disease and diabetes?
Abdomen
Which of the following vitamins is synthesized by intestinal bacteria?
Vitamin K
Which of the following is a feature of Accutane (high levels of Vitamin A)?
It is known to cause birth defects when used by pregnant women.
What instrument is used to measure the energy content of foods?
bomb calorimeter
What population group has the highest risk for vitamin K deficiency?
Newborns
The weight of the body without the fat content is known as the
lean body mass
Which of the following explains why B vitamin deficiencies lead to lack of energy?
Coenzymes needed for energy metabolism are produced in insufficient amount
What fraction of the day’s energy expenditure of the average person is represented by the basal metabolism?
about 2/3
When protein is consumed in excess, the excess protein will be converted to ___________
triglycerides
What is the best explanation that excess body fat can lead to diabetes type 2?
Excess body fat leads to insulin resistance which increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes
Low body weight due to starvation or eating disorders
can increase the risk of early death
Leptin is released from __________ to ____________
adipocytes to increase energy expediture
Research in obese people seems to show that there is no increase in the risks for strokes and hypertension provided that the excess body fat is distributed around the
hips and thighs
