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Orthodontics Exam1 > exam2 > Flashcards

exam2 Flashcards

1
Q

Treacher Collins is caused by

A

diminished neural crest cell migration.
occurs at 7th week of intrauterine life.. genetic origin
disturbance in 1st brachial arch

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2
Q

FAS

A

fetal alcohol syndrome

germ layer formation & initial organization of structures

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3
Q

germ layer formation & Initial organization begins on what day

A

Day 17

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4
Q

crouzon Syndrome

A

prenatal fusion of the superior and posterior sutures of the maxilla along the wall of the orbit.
Produces distortion of cranial vault

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5
Q

Pierre Robin Syndrome

A

A fetus head is flexed tightly again
respiratory problems at birth that may require
some children have

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6
Q

Hemifacial Microsomia primary cause

A

Early loss of neural crest cell

6 weeks after conception

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7
Q

Treacher Collins characterized by

A

generalized lack of mesenchymal tissue in lateral part of face
Underdevelopment of maxilla& mandible
Absence of malar bone

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8
Q

intrauterine molding

A

refers to pressure against the developing face prenatally.

can lead to distortions in rapidly growing face.

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9
Q

Torticollis

A

a twisting of the head caused by excessive tonic contraction of neck muscles on one side.
Affects the entire face not just the mandible.

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10
Q

facial Asymmetry

A

Masseter muscle was largely missing on left side

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11
Q

Decrease in tonic muscle activity results in

A

too much vertical growth, excessive eruption of posterior teeth. and severe anterior open bite

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12
Q

Mesiodens

A

supernumerary teeth

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13
Q

most common mesiodens

A

appear in Maxillary Midline

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14
Q

The neural tube forms

A

during days 18-23 in utero

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15
Q

achondroplasia

A

deficient growth of cartilage found in humans& dogs

dominant gene..so sometimes only partially expressed

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16
Q

anchondroplasia is due to

A

deficient growth the synchondroses of maxilla

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17
Q

achondroplasia results

A

results in humans short limbs cranial base does lengthen

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18
Q

modern reason for crowding

A

Increased outrbreeding

Crowding caused by mix between heredity and environment

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19
Q

normal tongue thrust is associated with

A

with normal teeth together swallow
History of thumb sucking and
tongue. thrusting forward to open bite.

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20
Q

tongue crib

A

habit appliance
fixed to lingual arch and soldered to upper 1st molar bands
prevents digit sucking habit

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21
Q

myofunctional bead

A

tongue training appliance

hait appliance

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22
Q

bluegrass

A

digit sucking appliance

teflon roller trains tongue

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23
Q

in severe maxillary

A

Maxillary teeth fit inside the mandibular

but no mandibular shift

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24
Q

treatment of crossbite

A 
early correction(primary if must) for Posterior crosstie&mild anterior cross bite.
surgery for severe anterior crossite
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25
Q

most common transverse discrepancy intramurally

A

Posterior crossite

the rule of thumb .. 3 or more than 3 teeth in crossbite

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26
Q

Definition of crossbite

A

Abnormal buccolingual or labiolingual relationship of teeth

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27
Q

diagnosis of posterior cross bite

A

Dental: Functional shift,Lingual inclination of maxillary dentition,,, Adequate width of maxilla and mandibular apical base

Skeletal:No functional shift, Narrow palatal vault, buccal inclination of max dentition

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28
Q

what is orthodontic triage for chlldren

A
  1. syndrom/developmental abnormalities
  2. Facial profila analysis
  3. Dental development
  4. Space problems”
  5. Other occlusal discrepancies
29
Q

true or false

tooth eruption is well correlated with skeletal growth

A

False

tooth eruption is not well correlated with skeletal growth

30
Q

Nance holding arch

A

space maintainer of upper arch
prevents medial molar drift
can be used as anchorage

31
Q

drawback of Nance holding arch

A

tissue irritation

32
Q

Indication for Partial Denture

A

Most useful when more than one tooth has been lost per segment & permanent incisors have not erupted yet.
Posterior space maintenance and replacement of anterior teeth for aesthetics

33
Q

advantages of partial denture

A

replaces occlusion function

34
Q

Pendulum is indicated for

A

regain 4-5 mm of space
used to correct class ii molars 1a class 1 skeletal case
used to distalize max 1st molars

35
Q

distal shoe

A

space maintainer -permanent molars and canines
indicated when 6s have not erupted and E’s has been lost prematurely
Metal or plastic guide plane is attached to a band or from

36
Q

Headgear

A

Extraoral appliance with two components

37
Q

Serial extractions Advantages

A

Reduces anterior irregular

38
Q

Dental cross bite

A

has a normal maxillary width the changes are do to movement of canine

39
Q

the W arch

A

Correction of dental crossbones
moves primary and permanent teeth.
maxillary fixed movable appliance(expand b4 insertion)
used when 4-5mm of expansion Maxillary -bucul

40
Q

cross bite with functional shift is a sign of what orgin

A

dental

also should have adequate width of maxilla and mandibular base

41
Q

two considerations in determining optimal treatment time

A

Effectiveness: how well does it work

efficiency : what is the cost benefit ratio

42
Q

When is early treatment indicated in class 1 problem

A

in posterior crossbite WITH mandibular shift

crowding : early correction ism more controversial

43
Q

early treatment indicated in class 2 problems

A

Mandibular prognatismo : effects to restrain at early stages
Maxillary deficiency : facemark treatment is successful if done early

44
Q

horseshoe shaped acrylic plate fitting along the lingual surfaces of teeth

A

Schwartz plate

expands max or mand arch

45
Q

Hyrax expanders

A

Corrects SKELETAL cross bite
stainless steal bands attached to maxillary 1st premolars and 1st molars ..band connected to expanding screw via ridge wires

46
Q

one quarter. turn of a screw=

A

.25mm

47
Q

what I considered slow expansion

A

1mm/WK or 10mm/10weeks(rapid an slow same over 10 wk period)

48
Q

rapid expansion is considered

A

0.5mm/DAY. 10mm/10WKs( same as slow over 10wks)

creates 10-20 lbs of weight across suture

49
Q

hyax expanders

A

attach to 1st maxillary molars and premolars

correct SKELETAL posterior crossbite

50
Q

bonded hyax expanders

A

bonded to enamel
Skeletal posterior crossbite correct
controls bite opening
extreme cases

51
Q

when is treatment of posterior crossbite not indicated

A

if first molars with erupt in 6 months or less

52
Q

1mm of posterior expansion =_ arch length

A

.7 increase in arch length

53
Q

drawbacks of Maxillary expansion

A

Extrusion causing Cuspal Interference &

Mandibular rotation

54
Q

extrusion of the palatal cusp with decrease open bite

A

extrusion of palatal cusp will increase open bite

55
Q

max expansion is not indicated for what face type

A

dolicofacial

56
Q

Salzmann classifaction

A

Group 1- prenatal

group 2- post natal

57
Q

Headgear

A

space regaining

good option for bilateral tipping or oddly movements

58
Q

lip bumper

A

U shaped stainless steel wire

Anterior portion may carry a plastic or acrylic pad 2-3mm away from the alveolar process of lower incisors

59
Q

Lingual arch indications

A

Bilateral space due to lingual incisor tipping
limited space regaining
moderate arch expansion

60
Q

how do you assess results of early treatment

A

Removal and or control of etiologic factors
Satifactory tooth positions and space management
satisfactory corruption of skeletal problem

61
Q

when is it recommended to be seen by orthodontist

A

age 7

62
Q

trans-palatal arch(TPA)

A

Maxillary fixed/fixed-removale appliance
Space maintainer
Extends from one maxillary 1st molar to the opposite max 1st molar

63
Q

Band and loop is indicated when

A

indicated for unilateral loss of primary molar when premolar will not erupt for more than 6 months

64
Q

mandibular space regain consist of

A

adjustable lingual arch and lip bomber

Removable appliance and finger springs

65
Q

removable appliance in Molar distiizatoon

A

Helps regain 2-3 mm in maxillary space
great with unilateral problem
USUALLY regains 2-3mm baby tipping the max 1st molar distally

66
Q

space supervision

A

utilization of leeway space to unravel lower anterior crowding
do not begin until lower canines and 1st premolars show 1/4-1/3 of root formed

67
Q

extreme maxillary constriction

A

max inside mandible

no functional shift

68
Q

cleft lip and palate cause by

A

failure of fusion of medial and lateral process

69
Q

Pendex

A

molar distilization appliance

Orthodontics Exam1 (5 decks)

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