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Orthodontics Exam1 > exam 1 (2nd round ) > Flashcards

exam 1 (2nd round ) Flashcards

1
Q

Dr. Ed Angle

A

Father of modern orthodontics

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2
Q

Line of occlusion

A

a smooth curve passing through central fossa of upper molar….. and Across the cingulum of upper canines and incisors

Same line runs along.. buccal cusp and incisal edge of lower teeth

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3
Q

Competent lips

A

patients can close lips at rest without muscle strain

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4
Q

What of critcisms of angles classification

A

no skeletal consideration.
only considers Anteroir-posterion position
assume upper 1st molar was always in correct position

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5
Q

Most common malocclusion

A

Class 1

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6
Q

radiographic Cephalometrics is used for

A

Research: Observe pattern of growth
Diagnostic: Characteristic of dental/skeletal relation
Evalution purposes : measure change in tooth jaw position

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7
Q

Skeleta malocclusion paterns

A

Class 1- well proportion jaws
Class 2- mandible is retusive relative to maxilla
Class 3-mandible is protusive relative to maxilla

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8
Q

what are the 3 facial profiles

A

Straight,
convex,
f concave
(Deciided by forehead, Nose Chin)

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9
Q

Classification of Facial pattern

A

brachyfacial - short face

Dolicofacial- long face

Mesofacial- average

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10
Q

Brachyfacial

A

broad square face

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11
Q

Chin projection

A

retrognaptic- retruded chin

Prognathic- protruded chin

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12
Q

normal vs abonormal swallowing

A

Normal- tongue against palate

Abnormal swallowing - tongur protudes , cause crossbite

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13
Q

Finding in patient with mouth breathing

A

Increased facial height
super eruption of posterior teeth
Downward and backward rotation of mandible
opening Bite anteriorly
OVERJET
ADENOID FACE— not all caused by mouth breathing

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14
Q

thumb-sucking/ finger sucking

A

Promotes development of Class 2 malocclusion

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15
Q

if palatal width is similar to intermolar width then….

A

then considered dental crossbit

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16
Q

but if palatal width is much narrower than intermolar

A

Skeletal crossbite

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17
Q

Anterior open bite

A

Failure of incisor teeth to overlap

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18
Q

posterior open bite

A

failure of posterior teeth to occlude, unilaterally or bilaterally
Etiologyy: anklylosis

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19
Q

Anterior deep Bite

A

Upper incisors overlap incisors excessively

Etiology : lack anterior contact, Deep Curve of Spee

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20
Q

Clonal model

A

model explaining how pattern of dentition is genetically determined before intiation of growth

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21
Q

Field theory

A

3morphologic fields- incisors, canines and premolars

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22
Q

neonatal teeth

A

teeth erupted during 1st month

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23
Q

pre-erupted teeth

A

2nd or 3rd months

24
Q

when does decidious dentition begin growth

A

during the 2nd month in utero

25
Q

when do the successional teeth begin to grow and where

A

they will grow in a ectodermal patch lingual to the deciduous teeth

26
Q

List when different teeth and when the successional lamina of each develops

A

1st permanent molar-begind 4 months in utero
2nd permanent molar: 1 yrs of age
3rd perm:4-5yrs old

27
Q

Describe Clonal model

A

At very early stage of development, before initiation of tooth formation genes decide location of teeth

28
Q

describe the pattern of the Mesiodistal gradient of teeth development

A

Different types of teeth are positioned predictably along the dental arch.
Changes in this are rare less than 1% due to genetics

29
Q

what is the Field Theory of teeth pattern

A

in ALL morphologic fields
1st tooth or key tooth is most stable-1st molar
Most distal teeth in field are most variable
EXCEPT! lower central incisors they vary more than laterals

30
Q

Vestigial organ theory

A

states thats missing posterior teeth are part of evolution

31
Q

anatomic model

A

the cause of misshaped lateral incisors is due to the union between Lateral Maxillaru=y and medial nasal process.

32
Q

what is the E space

A

the difference between the medial distal with of the permanent 2nd pre molar and primary 2nd molar

33
Q

Accessional teeth

A

No deciduous predecessor
Molar
Formation begins between 14wks in utero and 5 yrs

34
Q

what are the nolla stages

A

Serial radiographs to evaluate dental development

10 stages

35
Q

what are the most important nolla stages

A

stage 2- Initial Calcification

stage 6- Crown completion

36
Q

In Nolla’s stage 9

A

occlussion is achieved although root is not completely formed .
Root almost complete but apex is still open

37
Q

what are the developmental processes during tooth eruption of successional teeth

A 
1st resorption of primary tooth
elongation of permanent tooth root
"increase in alveolar height 
movement of permanent tooth occlusally
less growth in the inferior border of the mandible
38
Q

what are the 3 phases of eruption in permanent dentition

A

eruption of 1st molars and incisors
eruption of premolars,canines and 2nd molars
eruption of 3rd molarss

39
Q

what decides molar position

A

2nd decidious/primary molar

40
Q

what factors influence anterior mandibular crowding

A

Size of teeth
interdental spacing in the primary dentition
length of the anterior perimeter of the arch

41
Q

what features match the Ugly Duckling stafe

A 
marked by a stage during the eruption of permanent dention with
diastema
physiologic space
eruption on canines
space closure.
42
Q

alveolar process

A

are actively adaptable areas of bone growth

43
Q

leeway space

A

difference in size between primary teeth and their successors
anteriorly y& posteriorly

44
Q

incisal liability

A

the difference btw space needed for incisors and amount of space available

45
Q

where is primate space

A

distal to primary canine

result of distal tippin

46
Q

late mesial shift causes what

A

inter molar width to decrease

47
Q

Late mesial shift

A

happen to help teeth occupy space

48
Q

the only cause of widening of mdibular basal bone a post natally

A

due to deposition on lateral borders of corpus… in small amount

49
Q

ectopic eruption

A

erupts away from their normal position

most cpmmon 1st molar an canines

50
Q

what are most common impacted teeth

A

3rd molars(usually palatal) and upper cuspid

51
Q

impacted teeth erupt through

A

attached gingiva

52
Q

oligodontia is

A

bilateral

53
Q

Oligodontia

A

missing more than 6 teeth

54
Q

anodotia

A

missing all

55
Q

oligodontia is

A

bilateral

56
Q

how do we classify supernumary teeth

A
  1. teeth with conical crown - ectopic from max mid line
  2. teeth of normal form and size
  3. teeth with abnormal size an cuspal form

Orthodontics Exam1 (5 decks)

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