Exam1Lec1Circulatory System Flashcards
What is the leading cause of death in the U.S.
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)
- heart disease and stroke rises steeply after age _
- 40% of deaths between age _ to _
- 60% at age _
- 65
- 65-85
- 85 and above
What is more likely to happen to people over 65 compared to younger people
suffer a heart attackm stroke, or develop coronary heart disease and high blood pressure leading to heart failure
What is the highest percentage of deaths in cardiovascular disease
Coronary heart disease
Cardiovascular disease are higher in deaths than _
cancer
The circulatory system can also be called?
cardiovascular system
What is the purpose of ciculatory system
a vital organ system that delivers essential substances to all cells for basic functions to occur
Explain the network of the cardiovascular system
- Heart as the centralised pump
- Blood vessels that distribute blood throughtout the body (highway)
- Blood itself is for transportation of different substances (think cars)
How is the circulartory system divided?
Divided into two separate loops
* the shorter pulmonary circuit that exchanges blood between the heart and the lungs for oxygenation (O2/CO2 EXCHANGE)
* The longer systemic circuit the distributes blood throughout all other systems and tissues of the body (DISTRIBUTION)
* BOTH CIRCUITS BEGIN AND END IN THE HEART
What is the link of the pulmonary and systmic circuit?
HEART
What is the cirulatory system functions?
- Transport essential substances to the tissue (oxygen, electrolytes, nutrients, hormones, etc)
- Remove metabolic waste products (CO2, urea, lactate, heat, etc)
- Homeostasis: temp regulation, fluid maintenance, meeting metabolic demands during different physiological states (ex. excerise)
What is the circulatory system characteristics
- The heart pumps about 1,800 gallons of blood through the circulatory system every day ( one min= pump 1.25 gallons)
- In the avg. lifetime (75 years) the heart pumps approx. 50 million gallons of blood through the circulatory system
- Stretched end to end, the arteries, veins, and other vessels of the human circulatory system would measure about 60,000 milies
What pumps into the RA?
- superior vena cava
- inferior vena cava
Explain the blood flow of the heart
- deox blood from SVC, IVC, Coronary sinus into RA
- Though tricuspid valve to right ventricle
- Deox blood from right vent through the pulm valve to the pulm artery
- oxy blood comes back through the pulm vein into left atrium
- LA to LV through mitral valve
Explain the cardiac cycle
two phases: systole and diastole, which follow each other in sequence
* systole: occurs when the heart contracts to pump blood out
* Diastole: occurs when the heart relaxes after contraction and is filled with returning blood
What is the function of aorta and large artery
distribution
fxn of small artery and arterioles
resistance
fxn of capillaries and venule
exchange
Fxn of vena cava and vein
capacitance
Aorta function (table)
pulse dampening and distribution
large arteries function (table)
distribution of arterial blood
small arteries function (table)
distribution and resistance
modulating blood flood
Arterioles function (table)
major regulator
* resistance (pressure and flow regulation)
capillaries function (table)
exchange
has a single layer of endothelial tissue