exam1 Flashcards
accretion
adding new material , growth
missing at the time of homogenous blob
core mantle crust ocean atmosphere cmcoa
process of gd
Iron sinks
RISE **
Possible contribution from comets
brought water from outerspace
original atmosphere
carbon dioxide
importance of moon
stabilizes planet’s tilt
importance of plants
source of oxygen
gases, rocks, dust, ice =
space junk
light elements do what
rise
interior source of gases =
volcanic outgassing
moon stabilizes the earth’s _____
tilt
earth is unique because…
stable climate
adding new material growth is process of…
accretion
origin = 4.0 by is
ocean
gd creates a….. earth
layered earth
time = 4.7 by
solar nebula cloud
iron meteorite represents the
core
example of heavy element that sinks
IRON
example of light element that rises
silicon
got_____ got life
GD
important for life?
liquid water
origin = 4.6 by
Earth
Heavy elements
sink
mixed together - Earth
Homogenous blob
source of oxygen
plants
pulls space junk together…
gravity
no core mantle crust ocean atmosphere
molten blob
origin = 13 by
universe
origin of moon =
impact
original atmosphere =
co2
global differentiation =
separation
missing from original atmosphere
oxygen
radioactive element
uranium
water from outer space
comets
3 types of plate boundaries
convergent divergent transform
characteristics of divergent plate boundary
moving apart
make new ocean crust = basalt
ocean gets larger
mid ocean ridge = EPR, MAR
Iceleand - volcanoes = quiet eruptions = basalt
moderate sized earthquake
split apart continents = rift like Golf of california
characteristics of convergent plate boundary
subduction ( come together ) destroy old ocean crust ocean gets smaller volcanic arc = parallel to trench trench = deepest parts of ocean explosive volcanoes = andesite devastating earth quakes 9.5 , 1960 chile Ring of Fire Earthquake and volcanoes along the trenches along the rim at the pacific ocean
characterisitics of transform plate boundary
crust neither created or destroyed
rocks move past each other
no volcanoes
earth quakes = 8,2,2 minutes SAF Fault
What plate do i live on
pacific plate
direction of pacific plate
NW
direction of NAmerican Plate
SE
MAR and EPR are what kind of plate boundaries
DIVERGENT
characteristics of continental drift
a - continents are constantly in motion
b - present day positions are different than the past
c - only an observation & hypothesis, no mechanism
characteristics of sea floor spreading
a - opening & growth of an ocean basin by rifting @ a mid ocean ridge
b - formation of basalt
c - mechanism to move continents
RIFT VS DRIFT
RIFT IS active, sea floor spread
DRIFT is passive continental drift
4 evidences for plate boundaries?
volcanoes
earthquakes
trenches
underwater mtns
t or f , divergent = new ocean
t
Will the gulf of california get bigger or smaller?
BIG
Will the gulf of california get bigger or smaller?
BIG
which is the mechanism that formed the earth
accretion
what are 3 incorrect models for origin of moon
capture model
fission model
co-accretion model
correct model for origin of moon
IMPACT
crust not created or destroyed, rocks move past each other
transform
rifts that form when continents split apart
divergent
form new ocean crust basalt and ocean gets larger
divergent
destroy ocean crust, trenches
convergent
andesite… plate boundary =
convergent
san andreas fault, plate boundary =
transform
hawaii has plate boundary
no plate boundary in hawaii
plate boundary iceland has
divergent
plate boundary that red sea has…
divergent
single continent =
pangaea
island on divergent in @lantic
iceland
name of plate for los vegas
North American plate
direction of motion of pacific plate
North West
volcanoes, eqs, around the pacific ocean
ring of fire
divergent pacific ocean
East pacific rise
next hawaiian island
loihi
plates move side by side
transform
so cal transform plate boundary
san andreas fault
warm materials ____ at divergent
rise
hawaii
hot spot
name of plate i live on
pacific plate
heat transfer on mantle ** idk
Convection
opened 200 my ago
@lantic
plates move apart
divergent
divergent atlantic ocean…
MAR
ocean-ocean collision
phillipines
single ocean
panthalassic
continental-continental collision mountains
himalayas
plates move together
convergent
rock formed at divergent
basalt
active volcano on big island
kiluea
rock composes continents
granite
split apart a continent
rift
cold materials ___ at convergent
sink!
type of volcanoes associated with rof
explosive
type of rock that COMPOSES volcanoes @ ROF
andesite
color of basalt
BLACK
color of andesite
grey
Type of convergent plate boundary at atleutians and its direction?
NW
Ocean-Ocean
Type of convergent plate boundary at japan and direction
NW
Ocean- Continent
Type of plate boundary @ marianas & direction
W
O-O
Type of plate boundary @ philippines & direction
W
O-O
Type of convergent plate boundary at west coast of south america and direction
Ocean-Continent
East
Type of convergent plate boundary at west coast of central america and direction
NE
O-C
Type of convergent plate boundary @ cascadia and direction?
E
Ocean-Continent
Y DO U NOT EXPECT VOLCANOES ON EAST COAST OF AUSTRALIA
no plate boundary
what directions is the east pacific rise moving?
east and west
type of volcanoes @ EPR
quiet & basalt
what is going to happen to the oceanic crust created at the east pacific rise as the crust encounters the west coast of south america?
SUBDUCTED AND DESTROYED WHEN IT HITS S AMERICA
What type of volcanoes do you expect to occur along the west coast of south america?
dvestating earthquakes 9.5
what type of volcanoes do you expect to occur along the west coast of south america?
explosive andesite
diffrent type of volcanoes happen at different points what type of volcanoes @ EPR and what type of volcanoes @ convergent plate boundaries
quiet basalt = divergent so epr
explosive andesite = convergent
what is the future of the golf of california?
larger`
if you were to visit the gulf of california in 10 mil years what would you see?
ocean
name the type of rock that composes volcanoes in hawaii
basalt
are midway islands above the hot spot?
no
midway islands older or younger than mauna kea? how can you tell
older
further away from the hotspot
what does the line of the hawaiian islands tell you about the present day motion of the pacific plate? which way is it moving
NW
age of tenchi seamount compaered to the midway islands?
older
what will happen to tenchi seamount as it travels on the pacific plate
will be subducted/destroyed
how old is the bend in the hawaii ridge
43 million years old
what does the bend indicate for the motion of the pacific plate
plate changed direction
how do the island seamounts compare?
all the same tbh
what kind of plate boundary is the mid atlantic ridge?
divergent
what type of volcanoes are associated witth the mid atlantic ridge
quiet basalt
what is the spread of the mid atlantic ridge
east and west
is the atlantic ocean surrounded by trenches
no
is atlantic ocean getting bigger or smaller
bigger
do you expect to find a rof in the atlantic ocean
NO, no trenches
do you expect to find volcanoes in iceland
YES, divergent
islands are typically what kind of convergent plate boundary?
ocean-ocean
what compass direction is subduction occurring
west
what type of volcanoes happen @ subdcution
explosive + andesite
what type of earthquakes happen
large and destructive
would you expect to find volcanoes & destructive earthquakes at the following locations?
east coast of US, west coast of africa, england, east coast of south america
NO BECAUSE NO PLATE BOUNDARIES OR TRENCHES FOR ALL OF THEM
name of divergent plate boundary in the pacific ?
EPR, East pacific rise
is epr surrounded by trenches?
yes
pacific getting larger or smaller?
smaller
divergent plate boundary in the atlantic ocean
Mar
Atlantic ocean surrounded by trenches?
no
atlantic getting bigger or smaller?
bigger
name a hotspot
hawaii, galapagos, yellowstone
3 types of plate boundaries
divergent
convergent
transform
2 components/ parts of plate tectonics
continental drift and sea floor spreading **
4 numbers
- 7 by - universe
- 6 by - earth
- 0 by - ocean
200 my oldest crust in @lantic & pacific
