Exam Two (Key Terms) Flashcards
Treaty of Kanagawa
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When - 1853-1854
What - A treaty between the US and Japan allowing for the US to open up trade routes and establish a consulate
Where - Early Tokyo, Japan, and Shimoda
Who - Matthew Perry was the US “ambassador”
Hist. sig. - This was the opening of Japan to the West, as well as the first treaty that Japan signed with the new Western powers
“Harris Treaty”
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When - 1853-1854
What - A treaty between the US and Japan allowing for the US to open up trade routes and establish a consulate
Where - Early Tokyo, Japan, and Shimoda
Who - Matthew Perry was the US “ambassador”
Hist. sig. - This was the opening of Japan to the West, as well as the first treaty that Japan signed with the new Western powers
Meiji “Restoration”
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When - from 1868-1900
What - A restoration of Japan that introduced the new ruling powers of Japan’s future.
Where - Throughout all of Japan
Who - Meiji, the emperor, was the figurehead, but it was led by the young samurai who had overthrown the shogunate
Hist sig. - This was the shifting point of Japan, where they started to adapt to westernization and build themselves into one of the world’s great powers.
Fukuzawa Yukichi
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When - 1870s
What - He was an intellectual who was pushing for Japan to abandon its backward ways and to adapt to the West. “Civilization and Enlightenment.”
Where - Japan?
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Hist Sig. - He pushed for not just the departure from traditional Japanese values and ways, but to detach from the rest of Asia, this became a strong focus of what Japan would become in the future.
The Iwakura Mission
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When - 1871-1873
What - A mission to the West in search of knowledge about their more “advanced” societies.
Where - the world
Who - Iwakura Tomomi, a former court noble
Hist Sig. - This was how Japan was able to learn and take strategies from many other countries and adapt them into the growth of Japan, and how it allowed them to advance at such an astonishing pace.
The Meiji Constitution
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when - 1889
where - Tokyo
what - The new constitution developed
who - Emperor Meiji
hist sig - This was the transition from an underdeveloped government into the leading government that would control all of Japan. This constitution was the basis of their new rule and signified the changing of an era
The Sino-Japanese War
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When - 1894-95
What - A war between Japan and China for control of Korea
Where - Korea
Who - Japan, China, and Korea
Hist Sig. - This was the signifier that Japan had risen to the top of the Asian food chain. They were more powerful than their massive next-door neighbor, China
The Russo-Japanese War
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When - 1904-05
What - war between Russia and Japan over a stake in Korea
Where - Korea and Manchuria
Who - Korea, Japan, and Russia
Hist Sig. - This war put pressure on much of the West as they were forced to decide who they would support
It decreased the relationship between Japan and Korea, and Japan and Russia
“Taishō Democracy”
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When - (1912-26) after the Russo-Japanese War
What - A period of very liberal policies with a focus on a more democratic government
Where - Throughout all of Japan
Who - Taisho
Hist Sig. - This was a moment for Japan to step further into a more progressive nation, and it allowed their economy to develop some more, as well as enhancing its social and cultural climate.
Seiyūkai
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When - 1900
What - A liberal party that developed in the new party system
Where - Tokyo
Who - Itō Hirobumi
Hist Sig. - One of the leading parties in Japan that controlled the Diet most of the time and has a massive influence on shaping Japanese culture
Washington Naval Treaty
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When - 1922
What - A treaty that placed Naval arms limitations on Japan when compared to the West
Where - All over, but in Washington
Who - the US, Britain, and Japan
Hist Sig. - This furthered the disconnect between Japan and the US as more Japanese people started feeling ad though they were being mistreated unfairly by the U.S.
The Manchurian Incident
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When - 1931
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Hist Sig. - Some people believe that this was the start of the Asian-Pacific War, And also is seen as the catalyst for Japan’s seperation from the world.
“Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere”
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When - 1940
What - propagandized movement that stated that Japan was fighting to free Asia from the white men, and that all of Asia was united
Where - All of Asia
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Hist Sig. - This ended up worsening Japan’s relations with much of China as it was blatantly clear how deceitful it was
Emperor Hirohito’s “Sacred Decision”
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When - 1945
What - Emperor Hirohito’s announcement to all of Japan that Japan had lost the war and that they were “surrendering”
Where - all of Japan
Who - Emperor Hirohito
Hist Sig. - this was the fall of the divine emperor, or the facade of one. And the moment of Japan’s surrender
The Tokyo Trials
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When - May 1946 – November 1948
What - 20,000 people put to trial, 28 officials charged with war crimes, 13 pardoned
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The 1947 Constitution
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What - A constitution that essentially remained the same, but instilled the Peace Clause
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LDP
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The Revision of the US-Japan Security Treaty
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When - 1960
What - The Anpo Protests
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Ministry of International Trade and Industry
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When - 1949 - 2001
What - the Miti was a powerful force in Japan that essentially ran their economy for some time.
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Tasukuni Shrine Controversy
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When - 1868:Established, 2001:PM Koizumi went
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Who - PM Koizumi
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Treaty of San Francisco
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When - 1951
What - treaty that gave Okinawa to the US, 75% of US Asian troops were deployed to Okinawa.
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