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Christian Theology 1 > Exam Two > Flashcards

Exam Two Flashcards

Theology Proper

1
Q

What are the Hebrew OT words for God?

A
  1. El (Powerful One; Mighty One, One with Strength)
  2. Elohim (Plural)
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2
Q

Why is the plural form “Elohim” used?

A
  1. Plural for the purpose of amplification or emphasis
  2. Possibly suggesting plurality within the Divine Unity
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3
Q

What is the Greek NT word for God?

A

Theos

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4
Q

What type of verb is “I AM”?

A

Intransitive verb (It takes on no grammatical object)

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5
Q

What is the Tetragrammaton?

A

The Four Hebrew Consonants–YHWH

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6
Q

What is the formal name of God?

A

YHWH; LORD

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7
Q

What is a technique used to keep reverence for the Tetragrammaton?

A

They refer to it as “The Name” and they use a technique called Kethiv Qere

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8
Q

What is Kethiv Qere?

A

Kethiv- What is written in the text
Qere- What is read from the text
(Translators follow this device by using the word LORD (all upper-case)–they will take the vowels from another Hebrew term “Adonai” (Lord) and insert them into the Tetragrammaton

YHWH written/LORD said

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9
Q

What is the term translated Lord (Lowercase)?

A

Hebrew OT- Adonai
Greek NT- Kurios

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10
Q

YHWH SABAOTH

A

LORD of Hosts
(Highest phrase in the OT in relation to the Divine Name–the God of the armies of Heaven)

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11
Q

YHWH ELOHIM

A

LORD God

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12
Q

YHWH ADONAI

A

Lord GOD

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13
Q

YHWH JIREH

A

The LORD Provides

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14
Q

YHWH ROPHEKA

A

The LORD Heals

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15
Q

YHWH SHALOM

A

The LORD is Peace

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16
Q

YHWH ZIDKENU

A

The LORD is our Righteousness

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17
Q

YHWH SHAMMAH

A

The LORD is There

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18
Q

YHWH RAAH

A

The LORD is My Shepherd

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19
Q

YHWH NISSI

A

The LORD is my Banner

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20
Q

El Elyon

A

God Most High

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21
Q

El Roi

A

God who Sees

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22
Q

El Olam

A

God Everlasting

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23
Q

El Shaddai

A

God Almighty

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24
Q

What is an Epithet?

A

A descriptive term or phrase expressing a quality or characteristic

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25
Q

What are the Biblical Epithets?

A
  1. Rock (Stability/Provider)
  2. Husband
  3. Fortress
  4. Judge
  5. King
  6. Tower
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26
Q

What is the glory of God?

A

It is the radiance and reflection of His being (Reflection of the State of Who God Is)

It is the exaltation and elevation of His being (What We Can Do To Exalt His Being)

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27
Q

What does it mean to glorify God?

A

We glorify God when we exalt and elevate Him in the presence of our fellow human beings. This happens both by our words about God and our walk with God.

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28
Q

What is an attribute of God?

A

A divine attribute is what we know to be true of God from His revelation about Himself. Attributes are what God has revealed to be true about Himself.

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29
Q

What are the 3 types of names for God?

A
  1. Proper Names (El, Elohim, YHWH)
  2. Personal Names (Father, Son, and Holy Spirit)
  3. Essential (Essence) Names (Wisdom, Power)
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30
Q

What are Incommunicable Attributes?

A

Attributes that find no equal or analogy in creation. There is an absolute distinction between Creator and creation.

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31
Q

What are Communicable Attributes?

A

Attributes that find some limited parallel or analogy in creation.

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32
Q

What are the Incommunicable Attributes?

A
  1. Self-Existence (Aseity) of God
  2. Simplicity/Unity of God
  3. Infinity of God
  4. Eternality of God
  5. The Omnipresence of God–All Present
  6. The Omniscience of God–All Knowing
  7. The Omnipotence of God–All Powerful
  8. The Omnisapience of God–All Wise
  9. Immutability–The Changelessness of God
  10. The Perfection of God
  11. The Sovereignty of God
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33
Q

What are the Communicable Attributes?

A
  1. The Holiness of God
  2. The Justice/Righteousness of God
  3. The Love of God
  4. The Goodness/Kindness of God
  5. The Mercy of God–Pity, Compassion, Loving-Kindness
  6. The Truth of God–Veracity
  7. The Longsuffering of God
  8. The Grace of God
  9. The Jealousy of God
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34
Q

Self-Existence (Aseity) of God

A

The ground of His existence is in Himself
Aseity recognizes the absolute self-sufficiency, independence, and autonomy of God

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35
Q

Simplicity/Unity of God

A

A state or quality of being simple, the condition of being free from division into parts, and therefore from compositeness

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36
Q

Infinity of God

A

The Divine essence viewed as having no bounds, or limits

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37
Q

Eternality of God

A

That perfection of God whereby He is elevated above all temporal limits and all succession of moments and possesses the whole of His existence in one indivisible present

The Eternity of God is His essence as related to duration

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38
Q

The Omnipresence of God

A

All Present

That perfection of the divine being by which He transcends all spatial limitations, and yet is present in every point of space with His whole being

39
Q

The Omniscience of God

A

All-Knowing

That perfection of God whereby He, in an entirely unique manner, knows Himself and all things possible and actual in one eternal and most simple act

40
Q

What makes God’s knowledge different than man’s knowledge?

A

Intuitive rather than acquired
Simultaneous rather than successive
Prescience is not causative–to know is not to do
Knowledge of both actualities and potentialities

41
Q

What is Open Theism? / The Openness of God?

A

God is not omniscient; He is coming to know

42
Q

The Omnipotence of God

A

All Powerful

The power of God is the Divine essence energizing and producing outward effects

43
Q

What are the qualifications to God’s Omnipotence?

A

God is able to do all that is consistent with His nature, will, and character

All limitations placed on God are self-limitations consistent with His being

44
Q

What are the things that Scripture makes clear that God cannot do because they are contrary to His nature?

A

He cannot…
Deny Himself
Lie
Be seduced to evil
Look upon sin with favor
Sleep or slumber
Change

45
Q

Could God create a rock so great that He could not pick it up?

A

NO!

IF God could create something GREATER than Himself He would deny His own Power and Supremacy.

IF God could NOT create something greater than Himself it would also deny His Power and Supremacy

46
Q

Can God create something equal to, or greater than, Himself?

A

If God creates the rock–by definition, the rock is created or caused–God is uncaused. The rock is an effect.

If God creates the rock–the rock is contingent upon God and cannot be greater than God since it is contingent upon God

If God creates the rock–it is temporal–it has an origin point, God is eternal

47
Q

Omnisapience of God

A

All-Wise

God is all wise, and thus He applies His knowledge in such a way that the best means are employed to achieve the highest ends, and thus bring Him the greatest glory

Practical/applied side of omniscience

48
Q

Omnisapience is often empathized Scripturally in four distinct areas:

A
  1. Creation
  2. Providence
  3. Redemption
  4. The Church, in which Jews and Gentiles abide as brothers and joint-heirs
49
Q

Immutability

A

The Changelessness of God

God does NOT change in essence, attributes, consciousness, or will

God’s character does not change; His attitude and His actions with reference to specific men in particular situations will change, especially as those people change in their own attitudes and actions toward God.

50
Q

What Biblical passages do people use to go against the Immutability of God?

A

God repented that He made Saul king
God repented regarding the calamity He intended on Israel
God repented regarding the severity of plague He brought on Israel
God repented regarding the destruction of Nineveh

51
Q

What are the two possible ways to view “change” in God?

A
  1. Anthropomorphic language to express God’s dynamic (not static) activity with His dynamic (changing) creation
  2. Expresses not a change of will, nature or attributes, but a willingness to change with a changing dynamic humanity–immutability is not the same as immobility
52
Q

The Perfection of God

A

God is absolutely complete. He does not fall short nor does He lack anything. He is absolutely complete in Himself; He is all that God ought to be.

53
Q

The Sovereignty of God

A

He rules as King in the most absolute sense of the word

54
Q

The Holiness of God

A

There is both holiness as a concept (Sanctus–to be set apart) and holiness as an attribute

Two types: ethical and Majestic

55
Q

Ethical Holiness

A

To be set apart from sin

Perfection of God by which He eternally wills and maintains His own moral excellence, abhors sin, and demands purity in His moral creatures.

Resulting action: A sense of sin

56
Q

Transcendent or Majestic Holiness

A

To be set apart from creation

God is absolutely and totally distinct from all His creation, and is exalted above them in infinite majesty

Resulting action: A sense of awe

57
Q

The Justice and Righteousness of God

A

The perfection of God by which He maintains Himself over against every violation of His holiness, and shows in every respect that He is the Holy One

Applicational/Practical dimension of His holiness

58
Q

The Love of God

A

That perfection of God by which He is eternally moved to self-communication

It is…
Spontaneous
Voluntary
Righteous
Eternal

59
Q

The Goodness / Kindness of God

A

That perfection of God which prompts Him to deal bountifully and kindly with all His creatures

60
Q

The Mercy of God

A

Pity, Compassion, Loving-kindness

Mercy is that eternal principle of God’s nature which leads Him to seek the temporal good and eternal salvation of those who have opposed themselves to His will, even at the cost of infinite self-sacrifice

61
Q

The Truth of God

A

Veracity

That perfection of His being by virtue of which He fully answers to the idea of the Godhead, is perfectly reliable in His revelation, and sees things as they really are

God is absolutely reliable. Veracity emphasizes God’s habitual truthfulness and faithfulness

62
Q

What is the Nature of Truth?

A
  1. Truth is that which corresponds with reality
  2. If something does not correspond with reality, it is therefore not true
  3. Modern science and research hypothesis construction is predicated on the belief in falsification–if something is not true, it is to be rejected. It does not fit reality (research and null hypotheses within research design)
  4. Theologically, if God is truly true, and His word is Truth–then Scripture will correspond with reality
63
Q

The Longsuffering of God

A

That aspect of the goodness of God in virtue of which He bears with the forward and evil in spite of their continued disobedience

PATIENCE

64
Q

The Grace of God

A

The unmerited favor of God to those who have forfeited it, and are by nature under a sentence of condemnation

65
Q

In what context should we think of the jealousy of God?

A

Honor-Shame Context

66
Q

The Two Proper Responses to Theology Proper

A

Worship of God through Personal Adoration
Worship of God through Personal Obedience (Obedience to the Word and Submission to His Plan)

67
Q

What should true worship center on?

A

God’s person and character; Theo-centric rather than anthro-centric

4 parts:
1. Acknowledgement (Reverence for His person and character)
2. Ascendance (Humility toward His person and character)
3. Adoration (Exaltation of His Person and Character)
4. Affection (Enjoyment of His Person and Character)

68
Q

Definition of the Doctrine of Trinity

A

The Godhead exists as the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit who are one in essence and nature, yet three in distinct person and work.

One essence in three persons

69
Q

The Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are…

A

CoEQUAL, CoEXISTENT, and CoETERNAL

70
Q

What is Tri-Theism?

A

There are three Gods (Father-Son-Holy Spirit) who are united around a loose association called “Godhead”

Modified/Stipulated form of polytheism

Denies singularity

71
Q

What is Modalism/Sabellianism?

A

Trinity is one of revelation or manifestation. Father-Son-Holy Spirit are manifestations, or modes, of various forms or roles of God

Different roles in different times depending on His purposes

Affirms singularity of the Divine nature, but denies uniqueness of individual personhood

72
Q

What passage do people try to point out for modalism?

A

The Baptism of Christ

73
Q

Hebrew Word “Yahid”

A

Only, only one, solitary–concept of absolute singularity, only one

74
Q

Hebrew Word “Ahad”

A

One–Allows concept of plurality within a singularity

The word used in Deut. 6:4

75
Q

How does the Hebrew language prove the Oneness of the Trinity?

A

Hebrew language allowance for plurality within unity
- Ahad
- Usage of plural pronouns
- Usage of Hebrew plural endings (Elohim)

76
Q

What are the Scriptural indications of plurality within unity of the Godhead?

A
  1. Hebrew Language allows for plurality with unity
  2. Usage of Divine Name in plurality
  3. Personifications given to the Spirit and the Word
  4. The LORD is declared to have a Son
  5. Usage of the Triad in reference to God (ex. Holy, Holy, Holy)
  6. The Diety of the Angel of the Lord
77
Q

The Oneness of God is…

A
  1. numeric–an affirmation of monotheism
  2. generic–it is common to all three members
78
Q

Tri-plex

A

1+1+1=3: Tri-theism; affirms distinction, denies singularity and unity of essence

79
Q

Tri-Union

A

1x1x1=1: Individual (Personal) self-distinction yet unity of essence

80
Q

What does tri-plex versus tri-union show us?

A

The persons of the Trinity are not three particular substances to whom one general nature is common, but three that subsist by ONE substance which itself is particular, yet all three have it

81
Q

What are the key illustrations of the Trinity?

A

Water, egg, apple, triple point of water, the nile

82
Q

Ontological Trinity

A

Internal relationship of the Trinity (Inner-Trinitarian Relationship); creedal Trinity as understood above focusing on Divine being or nature–who God is

83
Q

Economic Trinity

A

External relationship of the Trinity to that which is outside the Trinity–what God does

Each member has different roles within the Godhead and each has different roles in relationship to the world

84
Q

What is the sending order of the economic trinity?

A

Father sends the Son
Son sends the Spirit
Father sends the Son who sends the Spirit

NEVER REVERSED

85
Q

Greek Presuppositions regarding the Three Persons

A

EK- From or Of (Often Used of the Father)- Generation
DIA- Through, Because of (Often Used of the Son) - Meditation / The Son’s role in salvation
EN- By, In (Often Used of the Spirit)- Causation / The Spirit’s role in sanctification

86
Q

Definition of the Decree of God

A

His eternal purpose according to the counsel of His will, whereby for His own glory, He hath foreordained whatsoever comes to pass

87
Q

What are the 5 major decrees?

A

The decree to…
Create
Permit Sin
Provide Salvation
Elect
Reprobate

88
Q

What are the characteristics of the Decree of God?

A
  1. A Single Decree (Unified Purpose)
  2. An Eternal Decree (Timeless Purpose)
  3. A Wise Decree (Informed Purpose)
  4. A Complete Decree (Encompassing Purpose)
  5. An Immutable Decree (Changeless Purpose)
89
Q

What is the purpose of the Decree of God?

A

The Glory of God

90
Q

Providence of God

A

God’s government of the entire moral universe through secondary causation, which government includes all that happens in human history, and by which He causes all things ultimately to fulfill His perfect purposes

91
Q

The Doctrine of Decrees…

A

Explains the purpose of the universe

92
Q

The Doctrine of Creation…

A

Explains the existence of the universe

93
Q

The Doctrine of Preservation…

A

Explains the continuance of the universe

94
Q

The Doctrine of Providence…

A

Explains the direction of the universe

Christian Theology 1 (3 decks)

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