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General Chemistry 2+ L > Exam Three Vocabulary > Flashcards

Exam Three Vocabulary Flashcards

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1
Q

properties of acids

A

dissolve metals, sour taste

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2
Q

properties of bases

A

slippery feel, bitter taste

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3
Q

Arrhenius Theory

A

acid: substance that increases H+ in water
base: substance that increases OH- in water

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4
Q

Bronstead-Lowry Theory

A

acid: proton donor
base: proton acceptor
always occur together

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5
Q

Conjugate Acid

A

has one more proton than the base from which it forms

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6
Q

Conjugate Base

A

has one less proton than the acid from which it forms

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7
Q

6 strong acids

A

HClO4
HCl
HBr
HI
HNO3
H2SO4

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8
Q

6 strong bases

A

LiOH
NaOH
KOH
Ca(OH)2
Sr(OH)2
Ba(OH)2

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9
Q

weak acids

A

donate some available protons
establish an equilibrium with the conjugate

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10
Q

the weaker the acid or base…

A

the stronger its conjugate

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11
Q

amphoteric

A

can be acid OR base

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12
Q

amphiprotic

A

can accept OR donate protons

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13
Q

basic solution

A

low pH

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14
Q

acidic solution

A

high pH

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15
Q

pH + pOH = pKw

A
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16
Q

Ka

A

acid dissociation constant

17
Q

pH = -log[H+]

A
18
Q

polyprotic acids

A

multiple donate able protons per acid molecule

19
Q

diuretic acid

A

2 donatable protons per acid molecule

20
Q

triprotic acid

A

3 donatable protons per acid molecule

21
Q

weak bases

A

accepts some of the available protons

22
Q

types of weak bases

A

conjugate bases of weak acids
ammonia and amines

23
Q

Lewis Acid-Base Theory

A

lewis acid: accepts an electron pair
lewis base: donates an electron pair

24
Q

coordinate covalent bond

A

both of the shared (B.P. e-) originate with the same atom

25
Q

buffer

A

mixture of appreciable amounts of a weak acid-base pair the pH of a buffer resists change when small amounts of acid or base are added

26
Q

Henderson-Hasselbach equation

A

pH = pKa + log [A-]/[HA]

27
Q

effect of acid/base addition

A

neutralization
dilution
equilibrium

General Chemistry 2+ L (4 decks)

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