exam - sport + crime Flashcards
1
Q
sports development perspective on crime prevention projects
A
- stimulate societal outcomes: healthy community, integrate minorities, regeneration
- moral improvement
- low costing and non-stigmatised approach
- effective in attractive demographics that are hard to reach
2
Q
what are the 4 key theories?
A
- Hirshis 1969 theory of social bond
- vettenburgs 1998 social vulnerability theory
- experiential learning theory Newman et al. 2017
- theory of change mason et al 2020: Morgan et al 2020
3
Q
describe Hirshis 1969 theory of social bond
A
- criminology theory
- individuals with stronger bonds to society are less likely to engage criminal activities when strongly connected to families, friends and communities
- abide societies regs when strong bond with others
- 4 elements: attachment, commitment, beliefs and involvement
4
Q
describe vettenburgs 1998 social vulnerability theory
A
- focuses on social domain of youth anti-social behaviours
- antisocial behaviour due to disconnect from society
- a sport based intervention could facilitate social bonding processes and positive experiences
5
Q
describe the experiential learning theory
A
- individual perspective and learning process
- participation = learning positive traits, skills and virtues
- coaches reflect with youth
6
Q
describe theory of change
A
- designed for practitioners engaging with youth with experience in custody or criminal activity
- use sport to discourage crime
- enhance positive outcomes and pro-social behaviours learnt
- develop pro-social identity reducing re-offending
- interventions will maximise prosocial behaviours, opportunities and to the community
7
Q
2 examples of crime prevention practices
A
- KCIT project (kicking crime into touch)
- line up live up
8
Q
explain the KCIT project
A
- 2 year youth justice intervention programme manchester
- charity funded
- 14 young men 16-16 y/o to take part in rugby programme
- PYD approaches
- less contentious than boxing
- positive virtues = resilience, endurance, self-discipline, emotional control
- each session you learn core values of rugby
- relief of stress and anxiety, new people, respect
9
Q
explain line up live up
A
- UNODC initiative
- promotes sport as a tool to prevent crime
- influences attitudes and behaviours of young people to prevent anti-social behaviour
- 11 countries - international experts
- male and female 12-18 y/o
- 10 interactive sessions with diverse sport and exercise
- decried end of sessions
- 97% - learnt new skills for everyday life
10
Q
what are 4 debates in this topic?
A
- instrumental role of sport
- potential for certain sorts to be counterproductive
- differences in experiencing a programme
- no clear correlations or causation
11
Q
what are 3 ethical considerations in this topic?
A
- whose responsibility and what priority
- content and activities of programmes
- partnerships between stakeholders
12
Q
Morgan et al. 2020
A
- sports a panacea for social disharmony
- theory-based approaches - device to explore impact of initiatives and best practice
- theory of change
- overview of mechanisms stakeholders considered necessary when using sport as a deterrent to criminal behaviour
- relationships provide platform for individual development
- to be used by practitioners working in these settings
- simple questions unhelpful with complex human interaction
- little evidence
-successful addressing proximal risk factors - lacking impact of interventions on recidivism
- look at book
13
Q
Nicholas 2007
A
- 3 ways to reduce crime with sport
- distraction
- CBT
- relationship strategy
- embed sport into community to achiever these objectives
14
Q
hoffenaar et al. 2018
A
little knowledge of effectiveness in interventions
15
Q
Kelly 2012
A
- analysis of sport-crime interventions
- 3 ways to reduce yc
- change people, change environment, change responses
- hard to find evidence on impact of field despite prosocial development not being new
- diversion activités - plus sport reduce reoffending
- studies on sport plus initiatives - consider extent programmes challenge or reproduce unequal social relationships